Question 1

The portion of the kidney that is composed of cone-shaped renal pyramids is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   cortex.
B)   medulla.
C)   pelvis.
D)   calyx.
E)   columns.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

Where do the ureters enter the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

A)   the anterosuperior surface
B)   the anteroinferior surface
C)   the posteromedial surface
D)   the posterolateral surfaceE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

The kidneys are located behind the ____________ membrane on the posterior side of the _______________ wall.

Accepted Answer

A)   peritoneal; abdominal
B)   peritoneal; pelvic
C)   renal; abdominal
D)   renal; pelvic
E)   pleural; pelvicF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

What type of cells form the proximal convoluted tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)   simple cuboidal epithelium with microvilli
B)   stratified squamous epithelium
C)   pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
D)   simple columnar cells with microvilli and ciliaE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

In glomerulonephritis, the permeability of the filtration membrane increases allowing proteins to cross the membrane. Which of the following would you expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

A)   increase in filtration volume
B)   anuria - no urine production
C)   necrosis of the renal corpuscle
D)   low protein levels in the filtrate
E)   no change in the filtrateF) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 6

The urinary bladder

Accepted Answer

A)   stores urine until it is voided.
B)   empties to the exterior via the ureters.
C)   contains a muscle called the trigone.
D)   is superior to the kidney.
E)   filters urine.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Lasix is a diuretic that blocks the reabsorption of sodium in the ascending loop of Henle. The result of giving this drug would be

Accepted Answer

A)   increased urine output.
B)   decreased aldosterone production.
C)   decreased osmolality of the filtrate.
D)   increased osmolality of the urine.
E)   decreased urine volume.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

Urea and mannitol are examples of which of the following types of diuretics?

Accepted Answer

A)   osmotic diuretics
B)   thiazide diuretics
C)   potassium-sparing diuretics
D)   carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
E)   ADH inhibitorsF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following pressures tends to force fluid from the glomerulus through the filtration membrane into Bowman's capsule?

Accepted Answer

A)   tubular pressure
B)   capsular pressure
C)   colloid osmotic pressure
D)   glomerular capillary pressure
E)   None of these choices is correct.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

What percent of filtrate becomes urine?

Accepted Answer

A)   less than 1%
B)   5%
C)   10%
D)   80%
E)   90%F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT part of a nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)   loop of Henle
B)   collecting duct
C)   renal corpuscle
D)   proximal convoluted tubule
E)   distal convoluted tubuleF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Which of the following pairs of structures are the most similar in function?

Accepted Answer

A)   Distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct.
B)   Proximal convoluted tubule and distal convoluted tubule.
C)   Distal convoluted tubule and ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
D)   Ascending limb and descending limb of the loop of Henle.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 13

The active transport of substances into the filtrate is called tubular

Accepted Answer

A)   filtration.
B)   reabsorption.
C)   secretion.
D)   elimination.
E)   excretion.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

A countercurrent mechanism is in

Accepted Answer

A)   the afferent and efferent arterioles.
B)   the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.
C)   the proximal and distal convoluted tubules.
D)   the loop of Henle only.
E)   both the loop of Henle and the vasa recta.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 15

The renal papillae extend into the

Accepted Answer

A)   cortex.
B)   renal columns.
C)   minor calyces.
D)   major calyces.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

The amount of filtrate produced per minute is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   renal fraction.
B)   filtration fraction.
C)   glomerular filtration rate.
D)   clearance fraction.
E)   renal rate.F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 17

Which structure removes excess water and solutes from the kidney's medullary interstitial fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)   distal convoluted tubule
B)   collecting duct
C)   loop of Henle
D)   vasa recta
E)   proximal convoluted tubuleF) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

Renal papillae drain into __________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   minor calyces
B)   major calyces
C)   the renal pelvis
D)   renal columns
E)   the ureterF) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

The structural and functional units of the kidney are called

Accepted Answer

A)   nephrons.
B)   renal papillae.
C)   renal pyramids.
D)   renal columns.
E)   renal tubes.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Urine drains from the nephron into the calyces through the

Accepted Answer

A)   loop of Henle.
B)   collecting duct.
C)   distal convoluted tubule.
D)   proximal convoluted tubule.
E)   Bowman's capsule.F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Exam 26: Urinary System

The amount of filtrate produced per minute is called the

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Renal papillae drain into __________________.

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The structural and functional units of the kidney are called

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The kidneys are located behind the ____________ membrane on the posterior side of the _______________ wall.

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Urine drains from the nephron into the calyces through the

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Urea and mannitol are examples of which of the following types of diuretics?

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The portion of the kidney that is composed of cone-shaped renal pyramids is called the

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A countercurrent mechanism is in

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Which of the following is NOT part of a nephron?

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The urinary bladder

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Where do the ureters enter the urinary bladder?

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The active transport of substances into the filtrate is called tubular

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In glomerulonephritis, the permeability of the filtration membrane increases allowing proteins to cross the membrane. Which of the following would you expect to observe?

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Which structure removes excess water and solutes from the kidney's medullary interstitial fluid?

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Which of the following pairs of structures are the most similar in function?

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What type of cells form the proximal convoluted tubule?

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Which of the following pressures tends to force fluid from the glomerulus through the filtration membrane into Bowman's capsule?

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Lasix is a diuretic that blocks the reabsorption of sodium in the ascending loop of Henle. The result of giving this drug would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The renal papillae extend into the

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What percent of filtrate becomes urine?

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The kidneys are located behind the membrane on the posterior side of the ___ wall.

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