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The primary purpose of the legal reserve requirement is to


A) prevent banks from hoarding too much vault cash.
B) provide a means by which the monetary authorities can influence the lending ability of commercial banks.
C) prevent commercial banks from earning excess profits.
D) provide a dependable source of interest income for commercial banks.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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The ABC Commercial Bank has $5,000 in excess reserves, and the reserve ratio is 30 percent. This information is consistent with the bank having


A) $90,000 in outstanding loans and $35,000 in reserves.
B) $90,000 in checkable deposit liabilities and $32,000 in reserves.
C) $20,000 in checkable deposit liabilities and $10,000 in reserves.
D) $90,000 in checkable deposit liabilities and $35,000 in reserves.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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 Reserve Requirement (%)   Checkable Deposits  Actual Reserves  Excess Reserves (1) W$100,000$10,000$0(2) 8X20,00012,000(3) 12200,000Y8,000(4) 20300,00070,000Z\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | c | } \hline & \text { Reserve Requirement (\%) } & \text { Checkable Deposits } & \text { Actual Reserves } & \text { Excess Reserves } \\\hline ( 1 ) & \underline { W } & \$ 100,000 & \$ 10,000 & \$ 0 \\\hline ( 2 ) & 8 & \underline { X } & 20,000 & 12,000 \\\hline ( 3 ) & 12 & 200,000 & \underline { Y } & 8,000 \\\hline ( 4 ) & 20 & 300,000 & 70,000 & \underline { Z } \\\hline\end{array} The accompanying table gives data for a commercial bank or thrift. In row 4, the number appropriate for space Z is


A) $10,000.
B) $70,000.
C) $48,000.
D) zero.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Bank panics


A) occur frequently in fractional reserve banking systems.
B) are a risk of fractional reserve banking but are unlikely when banks are highly regulated and lend prudently.
C) cannot occur in a fractional reserve banking system.
D) occur more frequently when the monetary system is backed by gold.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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What is one significant consequence of fractional reserve banking?


A) Banks are vulnerable to "panics" or "bank runs."
B) Banks can only lend an amount equal to their deposits.
C) Banks hold a portion of their deposits in gold.
D) Banks can serve the withdrawals of all their depositors.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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An individual deposits $12,000 in a commercial bank. The bank is required to hold 10 percent of all deposits on reserve at the regional Federal Reserve Bank. The deposit increases the loan capacity of the bank by


A) $11,000.
B) $10,800.
C) $9,600.
D) $6,000.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Banks pursue two conflicting goals. Explain what they are and why the conflict.

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The two goals are profitability and safet...

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  The accompanying balance sheet is for the First Federal Bank. Assume the required reserve ratio is 20 percent. If the original bank balance sheet was for the whole commercial banking system rather than a single bank, loans And deposits could have been expanded by a maximum of A)  $40,000. B)  $100,000. C)  $200,000. D)  $300,000. The accompanying balance sheet is for the First Federal Bank. Assume the required reserve ratio is 20 percent. If the original bank balance sheet was for the whole commercial banking system rather than a single bank, loans And deposits could have been expanded by a maximum of


A) $40,000.
B) $100,000.
C) $200,000.
D) $300,000.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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If the reserve ratio is 15 percent and commercial bankers decide to hold additional excess reserves equal to 5 percent of any newly acquired checkable deposits, then the relevant monetary multiplier for the banking system Will be


A) 3?.
B) 4.
C) 5.
D) 6.67.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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If the reserve requirement is 20 percent, the monetary multiplier will be 4.

A) True
B) False

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The maximum deposit creation that can be made in the banking system is equal to the excess reserves divided by the required reserve ratio.

A) True
B) False

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 (1)   (2)   (3)   Legal Reserve Ratio (%)   Checkable Deposits  Actual Reserves 10$40,000$10,0002040,00010,0002540,00010,0003040,00010,000\begin{array} { | c | c | c | } \hline \text { (1) } & \text { (2) } & \text { (3) } \\\hline \text { Legal Reserve Ratio (\%) } & \text { Checkable Deposits } & \text { Actual Reserves } \\\hline 10 & \$ 40,000 & \$ 10,000 \\\hline 20 & 40,000 & 10,000 \\\hline 25 & 40,000 & 10,000 \\\hline 30 & 40,000 & 10,000 \\\hline\end{array} The accompanying table gives data for a commercial bank or thrift. When the legal reserve ratio is 30 percent, the monetary multiplier is


A) 5.
B) 4.
C) 3.33.
D) 2.5.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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If banks borrow from the Fed, the banking system's reserves will increase, but if banks borrow from one another, the banking system's reserves will not change.

A) True
B) False

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A fractional reserve banking system


A) is susceptible to bank "panics" or "runs."
B) prevents money creation through the lending process.
C) only tends to exist in developing economies.
D) prevents the Federal Reserve from influencing the money supply.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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(Last Word) The term "leverage" refers to


A) using borrowed money in an attempt to increase profits.
B) the Fed's ability to control money creation through the reserve ratio.
C) investing in stocks from multiple companies in an effort to spread risk.
D) Fed sales and purchases of bonds to stabilize the money supply.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A bank's net worth is the


A) measure of its profitability.
B) value of its vault cash and loan portfolio.
C) claims of its owners against the bank's assets.
D) claims of its creditors against the bank's assets.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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The claims of depositors of a bank against the bank's assets are called


A) loans.
B) net worth.
C) liabilities.
D) required reserves.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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If the required reserve ratio were 15 percent, the value of the monetary multiplier would be


A) 5.50.
B) 6.67.
C) 7.32.
D) 8.54.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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The amount that a commercial bank can lend is determined by its


A) required reserves.
B) excess reserves.
C) outstanding loans.
D) outstanding checkable deposits.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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  Refer to the accompanying balance sheet for the ABC National Bank. Assume the required reserve ratio is 20 percent. Assuming the bank loans out all of its remaining excess reserves as a checkable deposit and has a check Cleared against it for that amount, its reserves and checkable deposits will now be A)  $25,000 and $122,000, respectively. B)  $22,000 and $110,000, respectively. C)  $32,000 and $115,000, respectively. D)  $22,000 and $105,000, respectively. Refer to the accompanying balance sheet for the ABC National Bank. Assume the required reserve ratio is 20 percent. Assuming the bank loans out all of its remaining excess reserves as a checkable deposit and has a check Cleared against it for that amount, its reserves and checkable deposits will now be


A) $25,000 and $122,000, respectively.
B) $22,000 and $110,000, respectively.
C) $32,000 and $115,000, respectively.
D) $22,000 and $105,000, respectively.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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