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Multiple Choice
A) they simplify the definition of money and therefore the formulation of monetary policy.
B) they can be easily converted into money or vice versa, and thereby can influence the stability of the economy.
C) they do not reflect the level of consumer spending but they have a critical impact on saving and investment in the economy.
D) credit cards synchronize one's expenditures and income, thereby reducing the cash and checkable deposits one must hold.
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Multiple Choice
A) They played a central role in the financial crisis of 2007-2008.
B) They were encouraged by the Federal government for many years before the financial crisis.
C) They had always been discouraged by the government and even banned in some cases.
D) They were considered high-risk loans because the borrowers had poor credit ratings.
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Multiple Choice
A) currency in circulation
B) credit card balances
C) small-denominated time deposits of less than $100,000
D) checkable deposits
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Multiple Choice
A) They serve as bankers' banks.
B) They are privately owned but government controlled.
C) Unlike other banks, they are not motivated by profits.
D) They compete with commercial banks in their basic functions.
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Multiple Choice
A) 8.0 percent.
B) 7.4 percent.
C) 4.4 percent.
D) 12.5 percent.
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Multiple Choice
A) $200,000 balance in the checking account of Main Street Trading Corp.
B) $200,000 in reserves held by Main Street Commercial Bank in its vaults
C) $2 million balance in the checking account of the U.S. Treasury
D) $200 million in the vaults of the Federal Reserve Banks
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Multiple Choice
A) High interest rates on mortgage loans were the primary cause of defaults.
B) The high rate of defaults occurred despite the efforts of government to discourage new home ownership and slow the growth of the housing bubble.
C) Prior to the rise in defaults, banks had become lax in their lending practices, resulting in a large number of bad loans.
D) The high rate of defaults resulted primarily from the two years of recession preceding the mortgage default crisis.
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Multiple Choice
A) M1 only.
B) M2 only.
C) neither M1 nor M2.
D) both M1 and M2.
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Multiple Choice
A) it is printed by the government.
B) its supply is controlled by the government.
C) it is a means of payment by law.
D) it will be accepted by the government.
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Multiple Choice
A) both large- and small-denominated time deposits.
B) the deposits held by banks and thrifts on which checks can be written.
C) only the checkable deposits of commercial banks.
D) only the checkable deposits of thrift institutions.
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True/False
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Multiple Choice
A) $2,260 billion.
B) $2,180 billion.
C) $80 billion.
D) $2,860 billion.
E) $2,610 billion.
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Multiple Choice
A) they are privately owned but managed in the public interest.
B) they deal only with banks of foreign nations and do not have direct business contact with U.S. banks.
C) they deal only with commercial banks, and not the public.
D) they are publicly owned but privately managed.
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Multiple Choice
A) Federal Open Market Committee
B) Office of Management and Budget
C) Thrift Advisory Council
D) Federal Advisory Council
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Multiple Choice
A) 1 and 7
B) 3 and 5
C) 1 and 2
D) 1, 2, and 5
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Multiple Choice
A) the former includes time deposits.
B) the latter includes small-denominated time deposits, savings accounts, money market deposit accounts, and money market mutual fund balances.
C) the latter includes negotiable government bonds.
D) the latter includes cash held by commercial banks and the U.S. Treasury.
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Multiple Choice
A) $1.50.
B) $0.33.
C) $0.50.
D) $2.00.
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Multiple Choice
A) increasing insurance protection on bank deposits.
B) requiring greater down payments on home purchases to reduce mortgage default risk.
C) bundling groups of loans, bonds, mortgages, and other financial debts into new securities.
D) increasing collateral requirements on loans.
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