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If productivity increases, then the per-unit production cost decreases.

A) True
B) False

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When the economy is experiencing demand-pull inflation, its real GDP tends to be rising.

A) True
B) False

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If the dollar depreciates in value relative to foreign currencies, then aggregate


A) demand decreases.
B) demand increases.
C) supply and aggregate demand increase.
D) supply and aggregate demand decrease.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Suppose that nominal wages fall and productivity rises in a particular economy. Other things equal, the aggregate


A) demand curve will shift leftward.
B) supply curve will shift rightward.
C) supply curve will shift leftward.
D) expenditures curve will shift downward.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The long-run aggregate supply curve is


A) upward-sloping and becomes steeper at output levels above the full-employment output.
B) upward-sloping and becomes flatter at output levels above the full-employment output.
C) horizontal.
D) vertical.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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  A)  the aggregate supply curve would have to shift rightward. B)  the aggregate supply curve would have to shift leftward. C)  real domestic output would have to remain constant. D)  the aggregate supply curve would have to be vertical.


A) the aggregate supply curve would have to shift rightward.
B) the aggregate supply curve would have to shift leftward.
C) real domestic output would have to remain constant.
D) the aggregate supply curve would have to be vertical.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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When aggregate demand declines, wage rates may be inflexible downward, at least for a time, because of


A) the foreign purchases effect.
B) inflexible product prices.
C) labor contracts.
D) the wealth effect.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which would most likely shift the aggregate supply curve? A change in the prices of


A) domestic products.
B) foreign products.
C) financial assets.
D) resources.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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  A)  decrease in aggregate supply. B)  decrease in the amount of output supplied. C)  increase in investment spending. D)  decrease in net export spending.


A) decrease in aggregate supply.
B) decrease in the amount of output supplied.
C) increase in investment spending.
D) decrease in net export spending.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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  In the diagram, the economy's relevant aggregate demand and long-run aggregate supply curves, are lines A)  4 and 2, respectively. B)  4 and 1, respectively. C)  2 and 4, respectively. D)  2 and 3, respectively. In the diagram, the economy's relevant aggregate demand and long-run aggregate supply curves, are lines


A) 4 and 2, respectively.
B) 4 and 1, respectively.
C) 2 and 4, respectively.
D) 2 and 3, respectively.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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  A)  an increase in expected returns on investment B)  an increase in productivity C)  a decrease in real interest rates D)  a decrease in consumer wealth


A) an increase in expected returns on investment
B) an increase in productivity
C) a decrease in real interest rates
D) a decrease in consumer wealth

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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A negative GDP gap can be caused by either a decrease in aggregate demand or a decrease in aggregate supply.

A) True
B) False

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   A)  cost-push in?ation, and the new equilibrium output will be less than  Q _ { 2 }  B)  demand-pull in?ation, and the new equilibrium output will be less than  Q _ { 2 }  . C)  demand-pull in?ation, and the new equilibrium output will be more than  Q _ { 2 }  D)  cost-push in?ation, and the new equilibrium output will be more than  Q _ { 2 }


A) cost-push in?ation, and the new equilibrium output will be less than Q2Q _ { 2 }
B) demand-pull in?ation, and the new equilibrium output will be less than Q2Q _ { 2 } .
C) demand-pull in?ation, and the new equilibrium output will be more than Q2Q _ { 2 }
D) cost-push in?ation, and the new equilibrium output will be more than Q2Q _ { 2 }

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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The aggregate supply curve (short run) becomes steeper as the economy moves rightward and upward along it.

A) True
B) False

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An increase in personal income taxes would shift AD to the


A) right because C will increase.
B) left because C will decrease.
C) right because G will increase.
D) left because G will decrease.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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  A)  decrease in interest rates. B)  increase in business taxes and costly government regulation. C)  decrease in the prices of domestic resources. D)  decrease in the price level.


A) decrease in interest rates.
B) increase in business taxes and costly government regulation.
C) decrease in the prices of domestic resources.
D) decrease in the price level.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Collective bargaining agreements that prohibit wage cuts for the duration of the contract contribute to


A) a wealth effect.
B) a multiplier effect.
C) an increase in aggregate supply.
D) a price level that is inflexible downward.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Input QuantityReal Domestic Output100200150300200400\begin{array} { | c | c | } \hline Input ~Quantity & Real ~Domestic ~Output \\\hline 100 & 200 \\\hline 150 & 300 \\\hline 200 & 400 \\\hline\end{array} The table gives information about the relationship between input quantities and real domestic output in a hypothetical economy. Suppose that the price of each input increased from $5\$ 5 to $8\$ 8 . The per-unit cost of production in the economy would


A) rise by $1.50, and the aggregate supply curve would shift to the right.
B) rise by 60 percent, and the aggregate supply curve would shift to the left.
C) rise by 60 percent, and the aggregate demand curve would shift to the left.
D) fall by $1.50, and the aggregate demand curve would shift to the right.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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  Refer to the diagram. If the aggregate supply curve shifted from AS<sub>0</sub> to AS<sub>1</sub> and the aggregate demand curve remains at AD<sub>0</sub>, we could say that A)  aggregate supply has increased, equilibrium output has decreased, and the price level has increased. B)  aggregate supply has decreased, equilibrium output has decreased, and the price level has increased. C)  an increase in the amount of output supplied has occurred. D)  aggregate supply has increased and the price level has risen to G. Refer to the diagram. If the aggregate supply curve shifted from AS0 to AS1 and the aggregate demand curve remains at AD0, we could say that


A) aggregate supply has increased, equilibrium output has decreased, and the price level has increased.
B) aggregate supply has decreased, equilibrium output has decreased, and the price level has increased.
C) an increase in the amount of output supplied has occurred.
D) aggregate supply has increased and the price level has risen to G.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Deflation refers to a situation where


A) the price level falls; it could be caused by a shift of AD to the left.
B) the price level falls; it could be caused by a decrease in aggregate supply.
C) the rate of inflation falls; it could be caused by a shift of AS to the right.
D) the rate of inflation rises; it could be caused by a decrease in aggregate demand.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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