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Exam 6: Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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Mr.Tallboys clothing shop has a sale every 4 weeks.The sale runs from 11:00 a.m.to 3:00 p.m.This restriction on when you can buy items at reduced prices is called

A) a fixed hold.
B) a limited hold.
C) a variable hold.
D) a ratio hold.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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B

Question 2

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When a VI schedule was yoked to a VR schedule so that pigeons on the VI schedule had the same opportunity to earn reinforcement as birds on the VR schedule,

A) subjects in both groups showed similar rates of responding.
B) subjects in the VI group pecked more vigorously than those in the VR group.
C) subjects in the VR group pecked more vigorously than those in the VI group.
D) subjects in the VR group showed initially high levels of responding but their response rate quickly dropped to the rate of the VI subjects.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 3

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If you wanted to ensure that your employees worked at high steady rate, on what schedule of reinforcement would you reward them? Why?

Art teachers must often deal with "artist's block" in their students.To break the block, they advise students to make a mark on the canvas with the paint brush.The professors are hoping to initiate

The orbitofrontal cortex

Describe how concurrent schedules are designed and what are the typical findings with concurrent schedules.

With regard to instrumental conditioning, the amygdala appears to

Describe the roles of the amygdala, striatum, and orbitofrontal cortex in choice behavior.How do they function together to lead to choices?

Which of the following describes behavior reinforced on a variable interval schedule?

Compare ratio and interval schedules.What patterns of behavior are generated by fixed and variable schedules?

Which of the following is the correct way to express the value discounting function mathematically?

If pecking at key "A" results in reinforcement with a highly desirable reinforcer with a relative rate of reinforcement of 0.5, and pecking at key "B" occurs with a relative response rate of 0.2, you conclude

A pigeon responds more on key "A" than on key "B." The relative rate of responding to key "A" could be .

Which of the following describes behavior reinforced on a variable ratio schedule?

For 30 ten-minute trials, a rat received a food pellet every other lever press.This rat was on A schedule of reinforcement.

You notice that the pigeon in the laboratory you just entered has a particular way of pecking at the key in its cage. The pigeon seems to increase its rate of pecking towards the end of a two minute period, food is made available, and then pecking slows until the end of the next two minutes.You surmise that the pigeon is on a

Compare and contrast ratio and interval schedules in terms of how the contingencies of reinforcement are set up and the effects they have on the instrumental response.

If a ratio requirement is increased from an FR 100 schedule to an FR 500 schedule, the subject will often pause periodically before completion of the ratio requirement.These pauses are due to

According to the hyperbolic decay function of value discounting, when the delay is 2, the value of the reinforcer is _____.

Compare molar and molecular theories of maximization.What evidence supports each class of theory? What is the evidence that does not support each class of theory?