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  The table shows the quantity of gold bars in thousands, the extraction cost for each thousand bars (in millions of dollars) , and the user cost of each thousand bars (in millions of dollars) facing the OZ Mining Company this year (all costs are marginal) . If the current price of a bar of gold is $25,000, how many bars (in thousands) should OZ extract and sell this year in order to maximize profits? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 The table shows the quantity of gold bars in thousands, the extraction cost for each thousand bars (in millions of dollars) , and the user cost of each thousand bars (in millions of dollars) facing the OZ Mining Company this year (all costs are marginal) . If the current price of a bar of gold is $25,000, how many bars (in thousands) should OZ extract and sell this year in order to maximize profits?


A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Define the demographic transition, and list the three steps in this shift.

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The demographic transition refers to the...

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Make the case that the United States is not running out of oil or energy.

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This concern is based largely on the pos...

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As of 2018, the world's population is approximately


A) 7.7 billion.
B) 6.3 billion.
C) 10 billion.
D) 1.2 trillion.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Consider an oil company that can pump oil from a reserve either this year or next year. As expected future profits decrease, the extraction quantity this year


A) increases due to a higher user cost.
B) increases due to a lower user cost.
C) decreases due to a higher user cost.
D) decreases due to a lower user cost.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Elephants are moving closer to extinction in places where they are treated as private property.

A) True
B) False

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Productive inputs that are actually or virtually fixed in supply are known as


A) renewable natural resources.
B) natural capital.
C) nonrenewable natural resources.
D) alternative fuels.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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According to U.S. Energy Information Administration data, about what percentage of U.S. electricity was generated by coal-fired plants in 2017?


A) 10 percent
B) 30 percent
C) 20 percent
D) 60 percent

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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If a country's replacement rate is two births per woman and its total fertility rate is four births per woman, the country's population will decline.

A) True
B) False

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Kara and Kyle are competing sockeye salmon fishers. Both have been allocated ITQs that limit their catch to 2,000 tons of sockeye salmon each. Kara's cost per ton is $8; Kyle's cost per ton is $12. Assume that the market price of sockeye salmon is $15 per ton. If Kara pays Kyle $5 per ton for his ITQs, and if she then catches her new limit of 4,000 tons, her profit would be


A) $4,000.
B) $20,000.
C) $18,000.
D) $22,000.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Matt fishes for tuna at a cost of $4 per ton. John fishes at a cost of $6 per ton. Each has a 1,000-ton ITQ. The current market price is $8 per ton. What amount could Matt pay John to induce him to sell his ITQ?


A) $1,000
B) $2,000
C) $3,000
D) It would not be profitable for Matt to buy John's ITQ.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Describe the Tragedy of the Commons and how it relates to public grazing plots.

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The commons were public patches of grazi...

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Which of the following is true about U.S. energy consumption and per capita real GDP since 1990?


A) Per capita energy consumption and per capita real GDP have both risen.
B) Per capita energy consumption has fallen, while per capita real GDP has risen.
C) Per capita energy consumption and per capita real GDP have both fallen.
D) Per capita consumption of energy has been unchanged, while per capita real GDP has risen.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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A fishery collapse happens when a fishery's population grows faster than fish can be harvested.

A) True
B) False

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Energy demand is relatively stable over the course of a day.

A) True
B) False

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The world's population increased rapidly from 1800 to the present day because of higher


A) birthrates and lower standards of living.
B) standards of living and higher birthrates.
C) standards of living and lower death rates.
D) death rates and higher standards of living.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Negative externalities from energy production should be considered when comparing the cost of an energy source, because they


A) improve energy production.
B) reduce the total costs of production.
C) are an additional cost of using that source.
D) are taxed or subsidized by government to encourage production.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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The key difficulty with fishery management is that


A) the only way to establish property rights over a fish swimming in the ocean is to catch and kill it.
B) fishery management deals with live resources while forestry does not.
C) it deals with a nonrenewable resource.
D) there are so many types of fish, and they're found in so many locations.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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According to data from the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, from 2010 to 2015 the amount of land worldwide that's covered by forests


A) expanded by about 5 percent.
B) shrank by about 3 percent.
C) stayed roughly constant.
D) shrank by about 12 percent.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Definition of property rights is a key component to proper conservation of resources.

A) True
B) False

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