Question 1

You are in a debate with a friend who argues that people's behavior is much less consistent across situations than most theorists assumed. Your friend's argument is MOST similar to the theory of personality of

Accepted Answer

A)  Carl Rogers.
B)  Walter Mischel.
C)  B. F. Skinner.
D)  Albert Bandura.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

A personality measure that asks you to respond freely to an ambiguous stimulus such as a picture or an inkblot is called a ​

Accepted Answer

A)  self-report personality inventory.
B)  projective test.
C)  behavior rating.
D)  deceptive test.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 3

An individual's unique constellation of consistent behavioral traits is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  collectivism.
B)  individualism.
C)  personality.
D)  an archetype.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

The evolutionary approach to personality suggests that _____ may have contributed to reproductive fitness.

Accepted Answer

A)  primarily personality traits
B)  primarily the ability to recognize various personality traits in others
C)  both various personality traits and the ability to recognize the traits in others
D)  neither various personality traits nor the ability to recognize the traits in othersE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

The concept of personality is used to explain the _____ in a person's behavior over time and the _____ among people reacting to the same situation.

Accepted Answer

consistenc...

Question 6

According to Jung, the _____ is a storehouse of latent memory traces inherited from people's ancestral past.

Accepted Answer

A)  unconscious
B)  collective unconscious
C)  universal unconscious
D)  personal unconsciousE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

According to Adler, compensation ​

Accepted Answer

A)  refers to one's belief about one's ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes.
B)  involves bolstering self-esteem by forming an imaginary or real alliance with some person or group.
C)  involves efforts to overcome imagined or real inferiorities by developing one's abilities.
D)  refers to largely unconscious reactions that protect a person from unpleasant emotions.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 8

People high in _____ tend to have a more positive outlook on life, while people high in _____ tend to be more impulsive.

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism; psychoticism
B)  extraversion; neuroticism
C)  conscientiousness; extraversion
D)  openness to experience; extraversionE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Unconscious fixations and unresolved conflicts are to Sigmund Freud's theory of personality as _____ to B. F. Skinner's theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  faulty learning is
B)  genetic vulnerability is
C)  incongruence between self and actual experience is
D)  innate chemical imbalances in the brain areE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Observational learning and self-efficacy are associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  Roger's person-centered theory.
B)  Bandura's social cognitive theory.
C)  Jung's analytical theory.
D)  Mischel's person-situation approach.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Thomas describes himself as an open and relaxed individual, but people who know him well would describe Thomas as secretive and tense. According to Carl Rogers, Thomas is likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  experience incongruence.
B)  be low in self-monitoring.
C)  experience congruence.
D)  be low in self-efficacy.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Skinner would explain why one student responds positively to receiving a B on a test while another student responds negatively to a B by noting that ​

Accepted Answer

A)  one student has a stronger superego than the other.
B)  one student has more self-efficacy than the other.
C)  the students have different personality traits.
D)  the students have different histories of reinforcement and punishment.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 13

Identification of oneself with the proper gender, male or female, would occur during the _____ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  anal
B)  genital
C)  oral
D)  phallicE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

According to Hans Eysenck, people who condition easily are likely to be ​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​​ neurotic.
B)  psychotic.
C)  extraverted.
D)  introverted.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

The variety of modern psychodynamic theories of personality all derive from the work of which of the following individuals? ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Albert Bandura
B)  Sigmund Freud
C)  Karen Horney
D)  Wilhelm WundtE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Dr. Hewlett believes that early childhood experiences have a strong influence on adult personality and that our personality is largely shaped by unconscious forces. Dr. Hewlett's views MOST closely mirror those of the _____ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral
B)  humanistic
C)  psychodynamic
D)  biologicalE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Recent research provides some support for the claim that _____ underlies many people's homophobia.

Accepted Answer

A)  reaction formation
B)  displacement
C)  projection
D)  repressionE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 18

The process of pushing distressing thoughts into the unconscious and keeping them there is known as ​

Accepted Answer

A)  neurogenic amnesia.
B)  suppression.
C)  avoidance.
D)  repression.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

The id is ​

Accepted Answer

A)  a developmental period that leaves its mark on adult personality.
B)  the moral component of personality.
C)  the decision-making component of personality.
D)  the primitive, instinctive component of personality.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Briefly describe the strengths and weaknesses of the humanistic approach to personality.

Accepted Answer

Humanistic theories are credited with hi...

Exam 11: Personality

You are in a debate with a friend who argues that people's behavior is much less consistent across situations than most theorists assumed. Your friend's argument is MOST similar to the theory of personality of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Skinner would explain why one student responds positively to receiving a B on a test while another student responds negatively to a B by noting that ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly describe the strengths and weaknesses of the humanistic approach to personality.

Correct AnswerverifiedHumanistic theories are credited with hi...View AnswerShow Answer

Unconscious fixations and unresolved conflicts are to Sigmund Freud's theory of personality as _____ to B. F. Skinner's theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent research provides some support for the claim that _____ underlies many people's homophobia.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The id is ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The variety of modern psychodynamic theories of personality all derive from the work of which of the following individuals? ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thomas describes himself as an open and relaxed individual, but people who know him well would describe Thomas as secretive and tense. According to Carl Rogers, Thomas is likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Hewlett believes that early childhood experiences have a strong influence on adult personality and that our personality is largely shaped by unconscious forces. Dr. Hewlett's views MOST closely mirror those of the _____ perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An individual's unique constellation of consistent behavioral traits is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The evolutionary approach to personality suggests that _____ may have contributed to reproductive fitness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Hans Eysenck, people who condition easily are likely to be ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Jung, the _____ is a storehouse of latent memory traces inherited from people's ancestral past.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identification of oneself with the proper gender, male or female, would occur during the _____ stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A personality measure that asks you to respond freely to an ambiguous stimulus such as a picture or an inkblot is called a ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concept of personality is used to explain the _____ in a person's behavior over time and the _____ among people reacting to the same situation.

Correct Answerverifiedconsistenc...View AnswerShow Answer

People high in _____ tend to have a more positive outlook on life, while people high in _____ tend to be more impulsive.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Adler, compensation ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of pushing distressing thoughts into the unconscious and keeping them there is known as ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Observational learning and self-efficacy are associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Skinner would explain why one student responds positively to receiving a B on a test while another student responds negatively to a B by noting that

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Humanistic theories are credited with hi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The id is

Correct Answer
verified

The variety of modern psychodynamic theories of personality all derive from the work of which of the following individuals?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

According to Hans Eysenck, people who condition easily are likely to be

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A personality measure that asks you to respond freely to an ambiguous stimulus such as a picture or an inkblot is called a

Correct Answer
verified

The concept of personality is used to explain the _ in a person's behavior over time and the _ among people reacting to the same situation.

Correct Answer
verified
consistenc...
View Answer

People high in _ tend to have a more positive outlook on life, while people high in _ tend to be more impulsive.

Correct Answer
verified

According to Adler, compensation

Correct Answer
verified

The process of pushing distressing thoughts into the unconscious and keeping them there is known as

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified