Question 1

The argument form "If p, then q. q. Therefore, p" is…

Accepted Answer

A)   Valid
B)   Weak
C)   Invalid
D)   Modus ponensE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 2

This argument-"If John wrote that poem, then he's a genius. He didn't write the poem. Therefore, he is not a genius"-is an example of…

Accepted Answer

A)   Affirming the antecedent
B)   Disjunctive syllogism
C)   Denying the antecedent
D)   Affirming the consequentE) All of the above
F) A) and D) C

Question 3

The argument type that aims to show a statement is true by showing that the negation of that statement leads to a falsehood is called…

Accepted Answer

A)   Modus tollens
B)   Disjunctive syllogism
C)   Hypothetical syllogism
D)   Reductio ad absurdumE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

This argument-"If Buffalo is the capital of New York, then Buffalo is in New York. Buffalo is in New York. Therefore, Buffalo is the capital of New York"-is an example of…

Accepted Answer

A)   Denying the antecedent
B)   Disjunctive syllogism
C)   Affirming the antecedent
D)   Affirming the consequentE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

This argument-"Either Mary bought a new car or she bought a used one. She didn't buy a new one. So she bought a new one"-is an example of…

Accepted Answer

A)   Denying the antecedent
B)   Disjunctive syllogism
C)   Affirming the antecedent
D)   Affirming the consequentE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

This argument-"If President Trump cuts taxes, there will be a long-term recession. There will be a long-term recession, so he will cut taxes"-is an example of…

Accepted Answer

A)   Reductio ad absurdum
B)   Disjunctive syllogism
C)   Affirming the antecedent
D)   Affirming the consequentE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

The argument pattern known as modus ponens is…

Accepted Answer

A)   Invalid
B)   Strong
C)   Valid
D)   WeakE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Why is it useful to know basic argument forms?

Accepted Answer

Knowing basic argument forms is useful f...

Question 9

An argument of this form-p. If p, then q. Not q. Therefore not p-is called…

Accepted Answer

A)   Modus tollens
B)   Disjunctive syllogism
C)   Affirming the antecedent
D)   Reductio ad absurdumE) None of the above
F) A) and B) D

Question 10

A simple way to determine if an argument is valid or invalid is to use…

Accepted Answer

A)   The modus method
B)   The counterexample method
C)   The accuracy test
D)   The affirmation methodE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

The argument form denying the antecedent is…

Accepted Answer

A)   Strong
B)   Valid
C)   Invalid
D)   FalseE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 12

What does it mean for an argument to be valid or invalid? How is the validity of an argument related to the truth of premises?

Accepted Answer

An argument is considered valid if the c...

Question 13

The invalid argument form known as affirming the consequent has this pattern:

Accepted Answer

A)   If p, then q. Not p. Therefore, not q.
B)   Either p or q. Not p. Therefore, q.
C)   If p, then q. p. Therefore, q.
D)   If p, then q. q. Therefore, p.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Modus tollensis an argument pattern of the form…

Accepted Answer

A)   If p, then q. q. Therefore, p.
B)   If p, then q. If q, then r. Therefore, if p, then r.
C)   Either p or q. Not p. Therefore, q.
D)   If p, then q. Not q. Therefore, not p.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 15

What are two major differences between the argument form known as modus tollens and denying the antecedent?

Accepted Answer

Modus tollens and denying the antecedent...

Question 16

This argument-"If the Yankees win the World Series, Aaron will be happy. When Aaron is happy, his friend Beth is happy too. Therefore, if the Yankees win the World Series, Beth will be happy."-is an example of…

Accepted Answer

A)   Hypothetical syllogism
B)   Modus tollens
C)   Affirming the antecedent
D)   Disjunctive syllogismE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

This argument-"If the problem of global warming is solved, there will be fewer tornadoes. There have been fewer tornadoes, so global warming is solved"-is an example of…

Accepted Answer

A)   Denying the antecedent
B)   Disjunctive syllogism
C)   Affirming the antecedent
D)   Affirming the consequentE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

This argument-"If Einstein invented the steam engine, then he's a great scientist. Einstein did not invent the steam engine. Therefore, he is not a great scientist"-is an example of…

Accepted Answer

A)   Affirming the consequent
B)   Affirming the antecedent
C)   Denying the antecedent
D)   Denying the consequentE) A) and B)
F) C) and D) C

Question 19

An argument of this form-if p, then q. Not q. Therefore, not p-is an example of…

Accepted Answer

A)   Denying the antecedent
B)   Disjunctive syllogism
C)   Modus tollens
D)   Modus ponensE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

What is the counterexample method and how is it applied to arguments?

Accepted Answer

The counterexample method is a technique...

Exam 4: Deductive Argument Patterns

The argument form "If p, then q. q. Therefore, p" is…

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This argument-"If John wrote that poem, then he's a genius. He didn't write the poem. Therefore, he is not a genius"-is an example of…

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The argument type that aims to show a statement is true by showing that the negation of that statement leads to a falsehood is called…

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This argument-"If Buffalo is the capital of New York, then Buffalo is in New York. Buffalo is in New York. Therefore, Buffalo is the capital of New York"-is an example of…

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This argument-"Either Mary bought a new car or she bought a used one. She didn't buy a new one. So she bought a new one"-is an example of…

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This argument-"If President Trump cuts taxes, there will be a long-term recession. There will be a long-term recession, so he will cut taxes"-is an example of…

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The argument pattern known as modus ponens is…

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Why is it useful to know basic argument forms?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIKnowing basic argument forms is useful f...View AnswerShow Answer

An argument of this form-p. If p, then q. Not q. Therefore not p-is called…

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A simple way to determine if an argument is valid or invalid is to use…

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The argument form denying the antecedent is…

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What does it mean for an argument to be valid or invalid? How is the validity of an argument related to the truth of premises?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIAn argument is considered valid if the c...View AnswerShow Answer

The invalid argument form known as affirming the consequent has this pattern:

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Modus tollensis an argument pattern of the form…

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What are two major differences between the argument form known as modus tollens and denying the antecedent?

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This argument-"If the Yankees win the World Series, Aaron will be happy. When Aaron is happy, his friend Beth is happy too. Therefore, if the Yankees win the World Series, Beth will be happy."-is an example of…

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This argument-"If the problem of global warming is solved, there will be fewer tornadoes. There have been fewer tornadoes, so global warming is solved"-is an example of…

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This argument-"If Einstein invented the steam engine, then he's a great scientist. Einstein did not invent the steam engine. Therefore, he is not a great scientist"-is an example of…

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An argument of this form-if p, then q. Not q. Therefore, not p-is an example of…

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What is the counterexample method and how is it applied to arguments?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe counterexample method is a technique...View AnswerShow Answer

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Knowing basic argument forms is useful f...
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An argument is considered valid if the c...
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Modus tollens and denying the antecedent...
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C

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The counterexample method is a technique...
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