A) Bacteria
B) Plantae
C) Archaea
D) Fungi
F) B) and D)
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A) Compartmentalization
B) Multicellularity
C) Peptidoglycan in cell wall
D) Sexual reproduction
F) C) and D)
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A, B, D
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A) The same cyanobacteria were engulfed by multiple hosts that were ancestral to the red and green algae.
B) Aerobic bacteria were engulfed by eukaryotic cells forming plant cells.
C) Cyanobacteria were engulfed by all eukaryotic cells.
D) Cyanobacteria reproduced by sexual reproduction once engulfed by brown algae leading to the formation of protists.
F) A) and C)
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A) Protein synthesis begins with formyl-methionine
B) Presence of membrane bound organelles.
C) Growth inhibited by streptomycin and chloramphenicol.
D) Peptidoglycan in cell wall.
E) Nuclear envelope.
G) All of the above
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A) Ginkgo
B) Fern
C) Rose
D) Oak
F) A) and C)
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C
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A) Friend A states that systematics and phylogenies are really the same, one is more recent than the other, but basically they are the same.
B) Friend B says that systematics is the same as cladistics and cladistics is reconstructing clades, which ultimately lead to the development of phylogenies.
C) Friend C argues that systematics is the actual collecting and cataloguing of specimens into museums that can be used later by scientists to construct clades and phylogenies.
D) Friend D says that the way she remembers is that systematics is the reconstruction and study of phylogenies.
F) None of the above
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D
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A) Figure 1 supports that the victim contracted HIV from the patient, and Figure 2 supports that the victim contracted HIV from someone in the community.
B) Figure 1 supports that the victim contracted HIV from someone in the community, and Figure 2 supports that the victim contracted HIV from the patient.
C) Figure 1 supports that the HIV strain mutated into a new strain inside the victim's body, and Figure 2 supports that HIV did not mutate into a new strain inside the victim's body.
D) Figure 1 supports that the HIV strain did not mutate into a new strain inside the victim's body, and Figure 2 supports that HIV mutated into a new strain inside the victim's body.
F) C) and D)
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A) All strains of HIV are included within clades with SIV strains.
B) A strain of HIV is never more closely related to another strain of HIV than it is to a SIV strain.
C) Humans acquired different subtypes of HIV from different primate hosts.
D) HIV-1 group O is more closely related to SIV-chimpanzee than SIV-gorilla.
F) C) and D)
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A) All organisms in this chart share all of the derived characteristics.
B) Only the gorilla and humans share all of the derived characteristics.
C) The lamprey is the only outgroup since it shares none of the derived characteristics.
D) The salamander and the tiger are outgroups because they only share two of the derived characteristics (jaws and lungs) .
E) The shark is an outgroup since it only has one of the derived characteristics (jaws) .
G) D) and E)
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A) 
B) 
C) 
D) 
F) A) and C)
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A) Chloroplasts
B) Eukarya
C) Bacteria
D) Protists
E) Archaea
G) None of the above
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