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________ are typically embedded in unique routines and practices that have evolved and accumulated over time such as effective work teams.


A) Tangible resources
B) Intangible resources
C) Reputational resources
D) Organizational capabilities

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Intangible resources are typically embedded in ________ routines and practices that have evolved and accumulated over time.


A) common
B) standard
C) unique
D) obvious

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A crash R&D program by one firm cannot replicate a successful technology developed by another firm,when research findings cumulate.This is an example of


A) social complexity.
B) physical uniqueness.
C) path dependency.
D) causal ambiguity.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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In the resource-based view of the firm,examples of tangible resources include


A) financial resources,human resources,and firm competencies.
B) financial resources,physical resources,and technological resources.
C) financial resources,physical resources,and the capacity to combine intangible resources.
D) outstanding customer service,innovativeness of products,and reputation.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Products and services that are difficult to imitate help firms sustain their profitability.

A) True
B) False

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An important implication of the balanced scorecard approach is that


A) managers need to recognize that satisfaction of stockholder demands is their primary job.
B) the emphasis on customer satisfaction and financial goals are only a means to that end.
C) managers should not look at their job as primarily balancing stakeholder demands.
D) gains in financial performance must come at a cost of employee satisfaction.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Groupon offers online coupons for bargains at local shops and restaurants.Which of the following is a reason that rivals are limiting its growth?


A) Its core capability is not easily imitated.
B) Its core capability is easily imitated.
C) Not many firms possess the same capability.
D) There are few equivalent capabilities.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Mercedes-Benz aggressively pushed for product placement in Hollywood movies.This is an example of which value chain primary or support activity?


A) support activity: general administration
B) primary activity: service
C) support activity: procurement
D) primary activity: marketing and sales

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Advertising is a ________ activity.Supply of replacement parts is a ________ activity.


A) support;primary
B) primary;primary
C) primary;support
D) support;secondary

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Comparing your firm with all other firms in your industry assesses ________ performance.


A) excessive
B) consistent
C) relative
D) non-comparable

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is not a tangible resource?


A) technical and scientific skills
B) trade secrets,patents,copyrights
C) state-of-the art machinery
D) company borrowing capacity

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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All of the following are examples of socially complex organizational phenomena except


A) the culture of a firm.
B) complex physical technology.
C) interpersonal relations among managers of a firm.
D) leadership and trust.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Managers must commit to a ________ use of the balanced scorecard if they expect sustained performance.


A) short-term
B) long-term
C) interim
D) rapid

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A primary benefit of the balanced scorecard is that it complements financial indicators with operational measures of customer satisfaction,internal processes,and the innovation and improvement activities of the organization.

A) True
B) False

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Discuss the four criteria that the resources of a firm must possess to maintain a sustainable advantage.Give an example of one of these criteria.

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For a resource to provide a firm with th...

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Financial resources such as cash and cash equivalents are intangible resources.

A) True
B) False

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The internal measures should reflect business processes that have ________ impact on customer satisfaction.These include factors that affect cycle time,quality,employee skills,and productivity.


A) the least
B) variable
C) the most
D) potential

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Information technology (IT)can also play a key role in enhancing the value that a company can provide its customers and,in turn,increasing its own revenues and profits.IT is an activity within the support activities of general administration.

A) True
B) False

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The culture of a firm also may be a resource that provides competitive advantage.Which of these companies might be a good example of this intangible resource?


A) Google
B) Kmart
C) Wells Fargo
D) Walmart

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Raymond Ozzie,the software designer who was critical in the development of Lotus Notes,was able to dictate the terms under which IBM acquired Lotus.This illustrates that he had ________ bargaining power based on the ________ cost required by the firm to replace him.


A) low;low
B) low;high
C) high;low
D) high;high

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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