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Exam 14: Quality Control

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Question 1

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Tolerances represent the control limits we use on the charts.

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B) False

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Question 2

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The primary purpose of statistical process control is to detect a defective product before it is shipped to a customer.

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Question 3

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Inspection is a(n) _____________ activity.

A lower control limit must by definition be a value less than an upper control limit.

High-cost, low-volume items often require careful inspection since we may have large costs associated with passing defectives.

Acceptance sampling, when it is used, is used: (I) before production. (II) during production. (III) after production.

Run tests give managers an alternative to control charts; they are quicker and cost less.

A quality analyst wants to construct a control chart for determining whether four machines, all producing the same product, are in control with regard to a particular quality attribute. Accordingly, she inspected 1,000 units of output from each machine in random samples, with the following results: $\begin{array} { c c } \text { Machine } & \text { Total Defectives } \\\hline \# 1 & 23 \\\# 2 & 15 \\\# 3 & 29 \\\# 4 & 13\end{array}$ For upper and lower control limits of .026 and .014, which machine(s) , if any, appear(s) to be out-of-control for process proportion of defectives?

The traditional view is that the optimum level of inspection occurs when we catch at least 98.6 percent of the defects.

A quality analyst wants to construct a control chart for determining whether three machines, all producing the same product, are in control with regard to a particular quality variable. Accordingly, he sampled four units of output from each machine, with the following results: $\begin{array} { c c c c c } \text { Machine } && { \text { Measurements } } \\\hline \# 1 & 17 & 15 & 15 & 17 \\\# 2 & 16 & 25 & 18 & 25 \\\# 3 & 23 & 24 & 23 & 22\end{array}$ What are the x-bar chart three-sigma upper and lower control limits?

If a point on a control chart falls outside one of the control limits, this suggests that the process output is nonrandom and should be investigated.

The output of a process may not conform to specifications even though the process may be statistically "in control."

A time-ordered plot of sample statistics is called a(n) ______ chart.

When a process is not centered, its capability is measured in a slightly different way. The symbol for this case is Cpk.

A quality analyst wants to construct a control chart for determining whether three machines, all producing the same product, are in control with regard to a particular quality variable. Accordingly, he sampled four units of output from each machine, with the following results: $\begin{array} { c c c c c } \text { Machine } && { \text { Measurements } } \\\hline \# 1 & 17 & 15 & 15 & 17 \\\# 2 & 16 & 25 & 18 & 25 \\\# 3 & 23 & 24 & 23 & 22\end{array}$ What is the estimate of the sample average range based upon this limited sample?

Control limits tend to be wider for more variable processes.

A p-chart would be used to monitor:

The assurance that processes are performing in an acceptable manner is the focus of:

A point which is outside of the lower control limit on an R-chart:

The Taguchi loss function suggests that the capability ratio can be improved by extending the spread between LCL and UCL.