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eHarmony claims to be the world's most trusted online dating website.Its appeal is to satisfy consumers' ________ needs in the Maslow hierarchy of needs.


A) physiological
B) personal
C) interaction
D) social
E) psychological

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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Research has found that for many products,including soft drinks,coffee,and cosmetics,consumers are unable to distinguish among brands in blind tests (i.e. ,taste or other use of the products without labels) .Nonetheless,even when prices are similar,consumers have strong preferences for specific brands.They may buy out of habit,which is the basis of


A) extended problem solving.
B) limited problem solving.
C) routine problem solving.
D) high-involvement problem solving.
E) personal problem solving.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Claire has just told her best friend,"I'm so glad I bought the Samsung Galaxy S8 rather than those other smartphones I was considering.Look at this incredible display,and the battery stays charged forever." Which stage of the consumer purchase decision process does Claire's conversation identify?


A) problem recognition
B) information search
C) alternative evaluation
D) purchase decision
E) postpurchase behavior

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Casey's girlfriend will celebrate her birthday next week,so he needs to buy her a gift.He remembers the brand of watch that she wears and considers if she would like a new one by the same maker.This is an example of which part of the consumer purchase decision process?


A) recollection search
B) external search
C) evaluative criteria
D) antecedent states
E) internal search

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Rackspace U.S.Inc.is a web hosting company.If you want to have a website,you can buy Internet space as well as technical support and design services from the company.When its ad tells you that its users consider Rackspace "the risk-free host because it offers dedicated and helpful support any time day or night," you know that Rackspace is most likely trying to do which of the following?


A) Identify its core values.
B) Reduce new buyers' cognitive dissonance.
C) Increase new buyers' cognitive dissonance.
D) Produce a consideration set.
E) Evoke problem recognition.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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In the VALS framework,the segment with the most abundant resources,known as ________,are future oriented.They are confident enough to experiment-to try,fail,and try again.


A) Experiencers
B) Innovators
C) Makers
D) Achievers
E) Strivers

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Personality refers to


A) the attitudes that determine how people spend their time and resources and what they consider important.
B) the way people see themselves and others.
C) the process by which an individual selects,organizes,and interprets information to create a meaningful ideal self.
D) a person's consistent behaviors or responses to recurring situations.
E) those qualities that either attract or repel other members of a person's personal,social,or professional environment.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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In marketing,advertisements or salespeople can activate a consumer's purchase decision process by


A) creating a sense of irony or amusement.
B) manipulating a customer's want into a need.
C) promising product attributes that exceed the actual product potential.
D) showing the shortcomings of competing (or currently owneD) products.
E) shifting the consumer's focus from internal search to external search.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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A favorable attitude toward and consistent purchase of a single brand over time is referred to as


A) stimulus generalization.
B) attitudinal discrimination.
C) brand loyalty.
D) behavioral loyalty.
E) consumer allegiance.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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A consumer's purchases are often influenced by the views,opinions,or behaviors of others.Which of the following is an aspect of this personal influence?


A) parental guidance
B) peer pressure
C) opinion leadership
D) government regulation
E) psychographics

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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Marketers use three approaches to try to change consumer attitudes toward products and brands.One of these is


A) reinforcing the consumer's sense of self-confidence in making wise purchase decisions.
B) actively educating consumers about the product's competitive advantages.
C) refocusing a consumer's attention from one attribute to another.
D) changing beliefs about the extent to which a brand has certain attributes.
E) denigrating the attributes of competitors' products.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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In the Maslow hierarchy of needs,the most basic needs are physiological,followed by safety,social,and personal.What category of needs is at the highest level?


A) intellectual needs
B) emotional needs
C) self-actualization needs
D) religious needs
E) psychological needs

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Consumer behavior includes the actions a person takes in purchasing services and using products and services,including


A) the physical effort spent on these actions.
B) the financial limitations one must overcome to accomplish these actions.
C) the mental and social processes that come before and after these actions.
D) the emotional processes that occur during these actions.
E) the cognitive and attitudinal processes that must be learned to complete these actions.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Evaluative criteria refer to


A) the objective and subjective attributes of a brand consumers use to compare different products and brands.
B) those attributes of a brand that are based exclusively on objective criteria in order to make an unbiased purchase decision.
C) those attributes of a brand that are based exclusively on subjective criteria in order to avoid postpurchase anxiety.
D) the attributes of a product that a manufacturer wishes to promote to a specific target market.
E) a list of required product attributes from which a customer will not waver regardless of additional incentives.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Figure 5-1 Figure 5-1    -Scanning memory for previous experiences and also exploring the external environment represent which stage of the consumer purchase decision process? A) information search B) purchase decision C) alternative evaluation D) opportunity identification E) problem recognition -Scanning memory for previous experiences and also exploring the external environment represent which stage of the consumer purchase decision process?


A) information search
B) purchase decision
C) alternative evaluation
D) opportunity identification
E) problem recognition

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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In the Maslow hierarchy of needs,those needs that are represented by the need for achievement,status,prestige,and self-respect are referred to as ________ needs.


A) physiological
B) safety
C) personal
D) social
E) self-actualization

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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In behavioral learning,a(n) ________ is a stimulus or symbol perceived by consumers.


A) drive
B) cue
C) attitude
D) response
E) reinforcement

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

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Food in the Maslow hierarchy of needs is an example of a ________ need.


A) self-actualization
B) personal
C) social
D) safety
E) physiological

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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All of the following would impact your decision about when to buy an offering except which?


A) The manufacturer is currently offering a $25 rebate.
B) You don't have the money now and don't get paid until Friday.
C) The product is on sale.
D) The store is closing in 10 minutes.
E) The retailer's return policy is very relaxed.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Retailers can reduce problems associated with selective retention by


A) hiring well-known celebrities to sponsor their products.
B) adding more end-aisle and other point-of-purchase displays throughout the store.
C) providing brochures for consumers to take home.
D) adopting advertising campaigns that use bright colors and a new selection of popular background music.
E) offering extended service warranties.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

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