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Some singers record a great song that shoots to the top of the charts.The singers then go on tour and have sold-out concerts everywhere they appear.Just as quickly (particularly if they are unable to follow their first hit song with a second one) ,they are singing in half-filled concert halls,then smaller clubs,and eventually no one wants to hear them perform.Such "one-hit wonder" singers are best categorized as being ________ products.


A) fad
B) low-learning
C) fashion
D) generalized
E) high-learning

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Three important aspects of product life cycles are (1) their length,(2) the shape of their sales curves,and (3) the rate at which


A) consumers switch brands.
B) consumers adopt products.
C) consumers use word-of-mouth.
D) competitors create rival offerings.
E) environmental forces change the environment.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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A trade name refers to


A) any word,device (design,sound,shape or color) ,or combination of these used to distinguish a seller's products or services.
B) the part of a brand name that can be spoken.
C) the legally registered brand name of a firm's product or service that give it exclusive use,thereby preventing competitors from using it.
D) the commercial,legal name under which a company does business.
E) a logotype plus the brand name.

F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

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Sales exhibit a downward trend throughout which stage of the product life cycle?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decay
E) decline

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Gillette budgeted $200 million in advertising to introduce the Fusion razor to male shavers.Such expenditures are often made to stimulate ________,the desire for the product class,rather than for a specific brand,when there are few competitors with the same product.


A) secondary demand
B) introductory demand
C) primary demand
D) discretionary demand
E) selective demand

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Xunrui Communications is an upstart maker of inexpensive smartphones for the Chinese market.Xunrui purchases the components,and assembles the phones in Shenzhen,located in southern China.These smartphones retail for about $65,significantly less than the $250 to $800 for smartphones marketed by Apple or Samsung,the top providers.Xunrui Communications most likely is using which pricing strategy in this example?


A) penetration pricing
B) cost-plus pricing
C) target ROI pricing
D) above-market pricing
E) skimming pricing

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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The lack of profit in the introductory stage of the product life cycle is very often the result of


A) pricing the product too low in an attempt to quickly gain market share.
B) targeting the wrong target market segment.
C) a lack of wholesaler support.
D) the large investment costs in product development.
E) ineffective execution of the marketing program.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Figure 11-5 Figure 11-5    -The consumers represented by Segment C in Figure 11-5 above are called A) early adopters. B) late majority. C) laggards. D) early majority. E) innovators. -The consumers represented by Segment C in Figure 11-5 above are called


A) early adopters.
B) late majority.
C) laggards.
D) early majority.
E) innovators.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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When a company uses a product line extension,it


A) markets a product under a new brand name so that consumers will view it as an entirely new product line.
B) markets a new product with the current brand name to enter a new market segment in its product class.
C) speeds up the movement of a product through its product life cycle.
D) contracts with another firm to manufacture modified versions of the original products.
E) applies the current brand name to enter a completely different product class.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Figure 11-5 Figure 11-5    -In terms of the diffusion of innovation,laggards account for ________ percent of product adopters. A) 2) 5 B) 13.5 C) 16 D) 34 E) 50 -In terms of the diffusion of innovation,laggards account for ________ percent of product adopters.


A) 2) 5
B) 13.5
C) 16
D) 34
E) 50

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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The three main benefits packaging provides to manufacturers,retailers,and consumers include which of the following?


A) personal
B) perceptual
C) financial
D) societal
E) aesthetic

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following statements regarding Gatorade's branding is most accurate?


A) Gatorade uses the same formula for all its products and simply changes the brand name when introducing new flavors.
B) Gatorade's success can be attributed to management's decision to find and then stick with one channel of distribution.
C) Gatorade changed its color,packaging,and size of items in the product line for the domestic market so that they would not conflict with those marketed to foreign markets.
D) Gatorade has used the same packaging since the product debuted in 1965.
E) Gatorade has changed its product formulation,packaging,and advertising over the years in response to changes in the marketplace.

F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

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The "Mean Stinks" ignition was designed to primarily reach which segment of prospective customers?


A) baby boomer women
B) teen girls
C) Gen X women
D) Gen Y men
E) teen boys

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Northland Juices,a division of New York-based Apple & Eve,competes with Ocean Spray in the cranberry juice category.To be successful,Northland must create ________ demand so it will be selected over competitors.


A) primary
B) derived
C) generic
D) selective
E) secondary

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Marketing for a product in the introduction stage of its product life cycle should focus primarily on gaining awareness and which other marketing objective?


A) stress differentiation
B) stimulate trial
C) foster brand loyalty
D) gain as much distribution as possible
E) target a marketing niche

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Figure 11-3 Figure 11-3    -The product life cycle shown in Box A in Figure 11-3 above is an example of a ________ product. A) low-learning B) fashion C) fad D) high-learning E) generalized -The product life cycle shown in Box A in Figure 11-3 above is an example of a ________ product.


A) low-learning
B) fashion
C) fad
D) high-learning
E) generalized

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Despite the success of its Pentium chips,Intel faced a major threat from AMD's cheaper K6 chips,which were better placed to serve the emerging low-cost PC market.Intel wanted to protect the brand equity and price premium of its Pentium microprocessors,but it also wanted to avoid AMD gaining a foothold into the lower end of the market.So it created Celeron as a cheaper,less powerful version of its Pentium chips to serve this market.This is a notable example of a


A) private brand.
B) brand extension.
C) subbrand.
D) co-brand.
E) fighting brand.

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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A set of human characteristics associated with a brand name is referred to as


A) a symbolic brand.
B) a brand personality.
C) a brand psychographic.
D) brand personification.
E) product personification.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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CDI/BDI Marketing Dashboard CDI/BDI Marketing Dashboard    -If a firm's marketing dashboard displays a BDI of 80 for a consumer packaged good like Hawaiian Punch,this indicates which of the following? A) a weak brand position in a segment B) a strong brand position in a segment C) above-average product category purchases by a market segment D) below-average product category purchases by a market segment E) There is not enough information to make any conclusions. -If a firm's marketing dashboard displays a BDI of 80 for a consumer packaged good like Hawaiian Punch,this indicates which of the following?


A) a weak brand position in a segment
B) a strong brand position in a segment
C) above-average product category purchases by a market segment
D) below-average product category purchases by a market segment
E) There is not enough information to make any conclusions.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which step in the sequential process of building the brand equity pyramid is most difficult to achieve?


A) easing consumers' decision making
B) forming a brand personality
C) creating a consumer-brand connection
D) rewarding loyal customer behavior
E) developing brand licensing criteria

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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