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Which of the following products would have a fashion product life cycle curve?


A) skinny ties
B) parabolic skis
C) personal flotation devices
D) razor blades
E) hockey helmets

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Even though Liquid Paper correction fluid is in the ________ stage of its product life cycle,Sanford,its manufacturer,has not deleted it from its line because there is still a residual core of consumers who use the product.


A) decline
B) introduction
C) growth
D) maturity
E) deceleration

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Many U.S.consumers purchase store brands like Kirkland at Costco because they provide a lower cost alternative to other brands.Companies like Costco use a ________ strategy to sell products that they do not manufacturer themselves.


A) generic branding
B) multibranding
C) co-branding
D) multiproduct branding
E) private branding

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following quotes from a new-product adopter would signal the need for a firm to counteract a usage barrier?


A) "It looks delicious but it might make me fat."
B) "What if I can't make the monthly payments?"
C) "I don't want to use this if it means it will take me longer to get ready in the morning."
D) "Big deal,the only difference is the shape of the package."
E) "Sure I'll try it;why not!"

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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At what stage of the product life cycle does it first become true that most consumers who would buy a product are either repeat purchasers of the item or have tried and abandoned it?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) harvest

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Consumer goods firms such as General Mills and PepsiCo as well as industrial firms such as Intel and Hewlett-Packard employ a product manager to manage


A) all of an organization's product items or brands.
B) all of an organization's product classes.
C) all of an organization's existing products through the stages of their life cycles.
D) all products or brands that require close fiscal scrutiny.
E) a close-knit family of products or brands.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Trading down refers to ________ when repositioning a product.


A) reducing the number of features,qualities,or price
B) reducing the amount of product carried as inventory
C) reducing the number of product items in a product line
D) redirecting marketing resources from a "cash cow" target market to one that is not performing as well in the hopes of increasing sales and profits
E) encouraging consumers through the use of coupons and deals to purchase a firm's lower-priced products

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Product modification refers to a marketing strategy that


A) alters a product's characteristic,such as its quality,performance,or appearance,to increase its value to customers and to increase sales.
B) manages a product's life cycle to increase its use among existing customers,create new use situations,or find new customers.
C) tries to find new customers and convince users who abandoned it to purchase again.
D) drops the lowest producing market segment and replaces it with an entirely new one.
E) combines the lowest producing market segment into others to achieve marketing economies of scale.

F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Gatorade Thirst Quencher displays the letter G front and center along with the brand's iconic bolt.This is an example of ________ benefits of its packaging.


A) perceptual
B) functional
C) communications
D) physical
E) tangible

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Subbranding involves


A) having one firm manufacture a product and a second firm distribute it all under the same name.
B) changing a brand name of a product line extension product by making it "New and Improved!"
C) combining a corporate brand with a new brand to distinguish a part of its product line from others.
D) creating a knockoff version of a product and changing the spelling of the name ("chikin" nuggets) .
E) using the same name for the original product and all subsequent product line and brand extensions.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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When a product reaches the decline stage of the product life cycle,a firm has two choices.One choice involves product deletion-dropping it from a firm's product line.The other is called ________,which retains the product in the product line but reduces marketing costs.


A) skimming
B) paring
C) divesting
D) milking
E) harvesting

F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Describe a brand name and explain how it is related to a logo.

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A brand name is any word,device (design,...

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Cotton Incorporated is funded by cotton growers in the United States.It developed the "Cotton: The Fabric of Our Lives" advertising campaign as part of its mission "to ensure that cotton remains the first choice among consumers in apparel and home products." Because Cotton Incorporated promotes all cotton producers,it is stimulating ________ demand.


A) selective
B) generic
C) derived
D) primary
E) secondary

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Figure 11-5 Figure 11-5    -The consumers who adopt a new product in the earliest stage of a product life cycle are called A) early adopters. B) early majority. C) late majority. D) laggards. E) innovators. -The consumers who adopt a new product in the earliest stage of a product life cycle are called


A) early adopters.
B) early majority.
C) late majority.
D) laggards.
E) innovators.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Explain the difference between primary demand and selective demand.

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Primary demand is a desire for...

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Which of the following is a characteristic of the growth stage of the product life cycle?


A) Advertising emphasis switches to primary demand.
B) The proportion of initial purchasers to repeat purchasers grows.
C) New or modified product features are added.
D) Profit margins increase as sales increase.
E) There are a limited number of retail outlets for greater quality control.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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  Figure 11-6 -Figure 11-6 above shows the sequential process of building brand equity.F represents the fourth and last step,which is to A) elicit the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning. B) develop positive brand awareness. C) reward loyal customer behavior. D) establish a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers. E) create a consumer-brand connection. Figure 11-6 -Figure 11-6 above shows the sequential process of building brand equity.F represents the fourth and last step,which is to


A) elicit the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning.
B) develop positive brand awareness.
C) reward loyal customer behavior.
D) establish a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers.
E) create a consumer-brand connection.

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

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All of the following are barriers to the adoption of new products except which?


A) risk
B) regulatory
C) psychological
D) usage
E) value

F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

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The two most common pricing alternatives for products in the introduction stage of the product life cycle are


A) skimming pricing and penetration pricing.
B) price lining and product line pricing.
C) markdown pricing and quantity discount pricing.
D) skimming pricing and bundle pricing.
E) penetration pricing and experience curve pricing.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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For consumers,the primary benefit of branding is that


A) products tend to be higher in quality.
B) it helps consumers become more efficient shoppers.
C) branded items are more readily available in retail outlets.
D) branded items are usually more expensive because of the cost to register them with the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) .
E) they are often rewarded with buyer loyalty incentives.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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