Question 1

According to evolutionary psychology

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals are rarely helpful to others,since such self-sacrifice would destroy one's chances of contributing to the gene pool.
B)  altruism occurs when a personal sacrifice is necessary to insure the group's survival.
C)  most altruism in human society reflects either a kin selection process or reciprocity.
D)  behavior is determined by genetics,so the social environment does not influence behavior.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Jeanne and her friends from church have adopted several shut-ins (church members who are no longer able to attend services) .Their actions may be based on the ____ norm.

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocity
B)  social responsibility
C)  equity
D)  equalityE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Darley and Latané described a sequence of decisions a bystander must make before he or she will intervene in an emergency.Which of the following is NOT one of the specific steps?

Accepted Answer

A)  noticing the incident
B)  interpreting the incident as an emergency
C)  assessing the victim's desire for help
D)  assuming personal responsibility for interveningE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

_____ were most closely associated with other forms of civic involvement,like voting,jury service,community projects,and giving to charity.

Accepted Answer

A)  Women
B)  Men
C)  Southerners
D)  Members in religious groupsE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 5

Myers suggests that there are a number of reasons why individuals who live in big cities tend to be less helpful.Which of the following is NOT one of those reasons?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are seldom alone in public places.
B)  They become cold and uncaring after living in a city.
C)  They experience "compassion fatigue."
D)  They experience "sensory overloaD."E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 6

When Will sees other people crying he cries too and when he sees someone who is embarrassed,he feels embarrassed.Will would likely score receive a high score on a measure of

Accepted Answer

A)  altruism.
B)  sympathy.
C)  guilt.
D)  empathy.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

In addition to reducing the ambiguity of the situation and increasing personal responsibility,explain at least two other ways to increase helping behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In addition to reducing the ambiguity of...

Question 8

The relationship between our degree of self-awareness and our willingness to help is

Accepted Answer

A)  positive.
B)  negative.
C)  neutral.
D)  curvilinear.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 9

According to Latané and Darley (1968) what must happen first for you to offer assistance in an emergency?

Accepted Answer

A)  you need to notice the incident
B)  you need to take responsibility for the incident
C)  you need to interpret the situation as an emergency
D)  you need to weigh the costs and benefits of helpingE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Mr.Lemming's neighbors mowed his lawn,but he was too sick and weak to reciprocate.We can predict that Mr.Lemming may feel

Accepted Answer

A)  demeaned because he cannot reciprocate.
B)  angry at his neighbors.
C)  grateful and happy.
D)  ungrateful.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

The average religious person volunteers _____ hours per week compared to those disengaged with their faith who volunteer an average _____ hours per week.

Accepted Answer

A)  5;0
B)  2;0
C)  5;1
D)  2;1E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Evolutionary psychologists would have greatest difficulty explaining why

Accepted Answer

A)  Jill agreed to donate bone marrow to save the life of a stranger.
B)  Molly agreed to drive her neighbor to the doctor.
C)  Simon donated a kidney to save the life of his son.
D)  Rick helped his best friend paint his house.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

In a study by Latané and Rodin (1969) ,a female experimenter apparently fell and hurt her ankle.What percentage of participants who were alone offered help?

Accepted Answer

A)  100 percent
B)  70 percent
C)  40 percent
D)  10 percentE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

According to the text,individuals who identify as _______ in terms of spiritual commitment are most likely to report working volunteer and give to charities.

Accepted Answer

A)  highly uncommitted
B)  moderately uncommitted
C)  moderately committed
D)  highly committedE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 15

According to the evolutionary theory,it can be predicted that it is more likely that

Accepted Answer

A)  children will be more devoted to their parents than vice versA.
B)  parents will be more devoted to their children than vice versa.
C)  women will be more devoted to their parents than men.
D)  men will be more devoted to their children than women.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Katzev (1978) found that when people were reprimanded at a zoo for feeding unauthorized food to bears,they were _______ to help another person afterwards than if they had not been reprimanded.

Accepted Answer

A)  more likely
B)  somewhat likely
C)  less likely
D)  just as likelyE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

What principle or concept suggests that rewarding people for their helpfulness may,in the long run,undermine their self-motivated altruism?

Accepted Answer

A)  the door-in-the-face principle
B)  moral exclusion
C)  the overjustification effect
D)  the insufficient justification effectE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Altruism researcher Daniel Batson reported that empathy-induced altruism

Accepted Answer

A)  is always helpful.
B)  does not inhibit aggression.
C)  lowers cooperation.
D)  can feed favoritism,injustice,and indifference.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

Latané and Darley attempted to explain people's failure to intervene in cases like that of Kitty Genovese,a woman who was violently attacked,in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  situational influences.
B)  personality traits.
C)  mood factors.
D)  selfish genes.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Evolutionary psychology contends that the essence of life is

Accepted Answer

A)  gene survival.
B)  self-actualization.
C)  holistic health.
D)  the discovery of meaning.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Exam 12: Helping

According to evolutionary psychology

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darley and Latané described a sequence of decisions a bystander must make before he or she will intervene in an emergency.Which of the following is NOT one of the specific steps?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Katzev (1978) found that when people were reprimanded at a zoo for feeding unauthorized food to bears,they were _______ to help another person afterwards than if they had not been reprimanded.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The relationship between our degree of self-awareness and our willingness to help is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mr.Lemming's neighbors mowed his lawn,but he was too sick and weak to reciprocate.We can predict that Mr.Lemming may feel

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The average religious person volunteers _____ hours per week compared to those disengaged with their faith who volunteer an average _____ hours per week.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Altruism researcher Daniel Batson reported that empathy-induced altruism

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ were most closely associated with other forms of civic involvement,like voting,jury service,community projects,and giving to charity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text,individuals who identify as _______ in terms of spiritual commitment are most likely to report working volunteer and give to charities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Latané and Darley attempted to explain people's failure to intervene in cases like that of Kitty Genovese,a woman who was violently attacked,in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the evolutionary theory,it can be predicted that it is more likely that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jeanne and her friends from church have adopted several shut-ins (church members who are no longer able to attend services) .Their actions may be based on the ____ norm.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary psychologists would have greatest difficulty explaining why

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Myers suggests that there are a number of reasons why individuals who live in big cities tend to be less helpful.Which of the following is NOT one of those reasons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Will sees other people crying he cries too and when he sees someone who is embarrassed,he feels embarrassed.Will would likely score receive a high score on a measure of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In addition to reducing the ambiguity of the situation and increasing personal responsibility,explain at least two other ways to increase helping behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary psychology contends that the essence of life is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What principle or concept suggests that rewarding people for their helpfulness may,in the long run,undermine their self-motivated altruism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Latané and Darley (1968) what must happen first for you to offer assistance in an emergency?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study by Latané and Rodin (1969) ,a female experimenter apparently fell and hurt her ankle.What percentage of participants who were alone offered help?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The average religious person volunteers _ hours per week compared to those disengaged with their faith who volunteer an average _ hours per week.

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