Question 1

Pursuing one's self-interest to the collective detriment of one's community or society is the central pattern in

Accepted Answer

A)  mirror-image perception.
B)  the jigsaw problem.
C)  perceived injustice.
D)  a social dilemma.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Which of the following is cited in the text as a method for resolving social dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

A)  communication
B)  punishment
C)  increasing group size
D)  competitionE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Equity theory says that if you are in a relationship with someone who is contributing more and benefiting less than you are,you are likely to feel

Accepted Answer

A)  exploited.
B)  contented.
C)  guilty.
D)  irritable.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Describe an example of a social dilemma that you have learned about in the news.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe an example of a social dilemma...

Question 5

In the tragedy of the commons,the "commons" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  disputed border territory.
B)  stolen goods or winnings.
C)  any jointly used,finite resource.
D)  private property that repeatedly changes ownership.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  When you are bargaining to buy a new car it is better to start with an extreme offer.
B)  When you are bargaining to buy a new home it is better to start with a "good-faith" offer.
C)  Integrative agreements result in wins for both sides of an argument.
D)  Mediation is always a better option than arbitration.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Despite official government warnings of a severe water shortage,most citizens fail to conserve in the belief that their personal water consumption will have little effect on the community's total water supply.The eventual depletion of the community's water resources provides an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  mirror-image perceptions.
B)  individualistic calamity.
C)  the tragedy of the commons.
D)  rational disaster.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

In research on social dilemmas,it has been found that group discussion

Accepted Answer

A)  polarized competitive tendencies.
B)  had no effect on the outcome.
C)  led to greater cooperation and better outcomes for all participants.
D)  led to escalated conflict and tension.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

Through the use of _______,Muzafer Sherif made boy camper enemies into friends.

Accepted Answer

A)  contact
B)  superordinate goals
C)  bargaining
D)  conciliationE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Much of the research on conflict involves asking volunteers to play games that simulate conflict,such as the prisoner's dilemma game.According to the text,these games

Accepted Answer

A)  have so little to do with real conflict situations that the results tell us next to nothing about what causes conflict.
B)  yield valid findings only when participants play for real stakes,such as money.
C)  suggest that always cooperating with others is the best strategy for achieving long-term success.
D)  capture the essence of real-world social dilemmas,but on a smaller scale.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 11

Which of the following is cited in the text as an example of changing payoffs to resolve social dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

A)  allowing carpoolers to drive in the faster,freeway lane
B)  requiring carpool cars and vans to park in special,larger parking lots farther away from the office building
C)  lowering the price of gasoline to well below $1 per gallon
D)  raising the price of gasoline to well above $5 per gallonE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

The fact that 51 percent of Americans approved of President Bush's performance on September 10,2001,and 90 percent of Americans approved of President Bush's performance on September 11,2001 is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  cooperation.
B)  cohesiveness as a result of a common external threat.
C)  justification for poor performance.
D)  heightened paranoia.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Andrew's mom tells him that she went to the store and bought enough cupcakes so that each member of the family could have one.Andrew really loves cupcakes,so he takes two.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  the Prisoner's DilemmA.
B)  a superordinate goal.
C)  the Tragedy of the Commons.
D)  a mirror image perception.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Aronson's jigsaw technique involved having elementary school children

Accepted Answer

A)  study in small,racially mixed teams and then compete with other teams in a class tournament.
B)  form academically and racially diverse groups,with each member of the group becoming an expert in one area.
C)  role-play being members of another race for two-week periods.
D)  take turns telling each other about their family backgrounds in small-group discussions.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Group conflicts are often fueled by an illusion that top leaders are _____ and their people are _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  good;evil
B)  evil;good
C)  evil;evil
D)  evil;helplessE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

All the following actions are ways to resolve social dilemmas EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing competition.
B)  developing rules to safeguard the common good.
C)  improving communication.
D)  appealing to altruistic norms.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Some noncapitalist cultures define justice not as equity but as

Accepted Answer

A)  equality.
B)  fulfillment of a need.
C)  either equality or fulfillment of a need.
D)  socialism.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Which statement is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Contact between groups increases conflict.
B)  When groups experience intense conflict they often become less internally cohesive.
C)  Desegregation of public schools in the U.S.consistently leads to reduced prejudice.
D)  Students who are part of interracial cooperative learning groups tend to be less prejudiceD.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Review of desegregation situations shows that sometimes increased contact improves racial attitudes and sometimes it does not,especially when there is

Accepted Answer

A)  anger.
B)  lack of trust.
C)  miscommunication.
D)  anxiety or perceived threat.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Peace can be considered

Accepted Answer

A)  a synonym for utopiA.
B)  the suppression of open conflict.
C)  less than a fragile,superficial calm.
D)  an intrinsic acceptance of others.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Exam 13: Conflict and Peacemaking

Which of the following is cited in the text as an example of changing payoffs to resolve social dilemmas?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the tragedy of the commons,the "commons" refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is cited in the text as a method for resolving social dilemmas?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In research on social dilemmas,it has been found that group discussion

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe an example of a social dilemma that you have learned about in the news.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Much of the research on conflict involves asking volunteers to play games that simulate conflict,such as the prisoner's dilemma game.According to the text,these games

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Despite official government warnings of a severe water shortage,most citizens fail to conserve in the belief that their personal water consumption will have little effect on the community's total water supply.The eventual depletion of the community's water resources provides an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Review of desegregation situations shows that sometimes increased contact improves racial attitudes and sometimes it does not,especially when there is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some noncapitalist cultures define justice not as equity but as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pursuing one's self-interest to the collective detriment of one's community or society is the central pattern in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Group conflicts are often fueled by an illusion that top leaders are _____ and their people are _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is TRUE?

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Andrew's mom tells him that she went to the store and bought enough cupcakes so that each member of the family could have one.Andrew really loves cupcakes,so he takes two.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that 51 percent of Americans approved of President Bush's performance on September 10,2001,and 90 percent of Americans approved of President Bush's performance on September 11,2001 is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aronson's jigsaw technique involved having elementary school children

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Through the use of _______,Muzafer Sherif made boy camper enemies into friends.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All the following actions are ways to resolve social dilemmas EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Peace can be considered

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Equity theory says that if you are in a relationship with someone who is contributing more and benefiting less than you are,you are likely to feel

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Group conflicts are often fueled by an illusion that top leaders are _ and their people are _.

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