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Exam 6: Motivation

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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Linda has been hired by Doctor Patel to oversee a fast-paced, innovative medical office. It is a highly difficult, but well-paid job. Linda believes she has the skills and experiences to easily handle the task and improve the efficiency of the office. Linda's belief in her capabilities is known as

A) instrumentality.
B) self-efficacy.
C) complexity.
D) valence.
E) equity.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Question 2

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Russell works in a canvas factory where workers are paid five dollars for every tent they sew together. Workers who are very fast may make twice as much money as some of the slower workers. Which of the following compensation plan elements is used at Russell's factory?

A) merit pay
B) piece-rate
C) gainsharing
D) profit sharing
E) lump-sum bonus

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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Question 3

Multiple Choice

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In equity theory, ________ is the internal tension that is caused by an imbalance in the ratios.

Jerri and Janelle work at Logistics of Love, a nonprofit designer of homeless shelters. Last month, Janelle, newly hired on a temporary designing assignment, was asked by her supervisor to oversee the company's social media presence. Being new to using social media in a professional context, Janelle is considering her efficacy. She talks to Jerri and other individuals who have been creating professional social media content for several years. Jerri takes pride in her work-related social media posts and always approaches company-based social media with total enthusiasm. Jerri tells Janelle that she believes exerting a high level of effort will result in a successful performance in representing the company on social media. Jerri's self-efficacy source appears to be

________ captures the value of a work goal or purpose, relative to a person's own ideals and passions.

Individuals who value money for the achievement, respect, and freedom it confers value the rational meaning of money.

Which of the following scenarios involving Tisha, a nurse at a major metropolitan hospital, depicts a situation where her ratio of outcomes to inputs is lower than her comparison other?

________ theory argues that employee behavior is directed toward pleasure and away from pain or, more generally, toward certain outcomes and away from others.

After his annual performance appraisal, Joe was disappointed with his 5 percent increase in pay, compared to the 10 percent increase his colleagues received. When Joe spoke to his manager, he was told his colleagues were able to perform well over the minimum standard. Joe had not been aware of the minimum he was expected to achieve or the levels generally achieved by his colleagues. What would best help Joe improve his performance?

________ is an important moderator of what individuals consider to be positively or negatively valent.

Marilou just left her job at Valley Creek Community College. Valley Creek had not honored the wage scale they promised to employees for several years, and many of Marilou's colleagues were let go before they could retire, often with no reason given. Marilou was stressed about her inability to guess what the future would hold for her at Valley Creek. Marilou was stressed because she had a need for

The "M" in the S.M.A.R.T. goals acronym stands for

Which theory suggests that employees create a "mental ledger" of the outcomes they get from their job duties?

Describe equity theory. What are the three general possibilities that can result from the comparison of the ratio of outcomes and inputs to the ratio of some comparison other? Describe a situation when you experienced a sense of inequity, and relate your response to that situation.

Identify and explain the acronym S.M.A.R.T. as used in goal setting theory. Give an example of a S.M.A.R.T. goal from your own life.

The "S" in the S.M.A.R.T. goals acronym stands for

Martha was assigned to present the bank's financial statement to its shareholders. The management chose Martha because she was good at negotiating and had the skills to tackle any question thrown her way. Although Martha was not confident in the beginning, she managed to pull it off with ease. Using Martha as an example, define self-efficacy and identify and explain its determinants.

The efforts of Coach Greene have made the Red Wolves the best soccer team in Arizona. The team owners tell Coach Greene that his efforts have vastly improved the team's performance and that they believe his continuing efforts will result in the Red Wolves being ranked as the best team in the conference. Which psychological empowerment concept best describes the effect of the owners' comments on Coach Greene's motivation?

Research suggests that employees underestimate how powerful a motivator pay is to them.

When goal commitment is high, assigning specific and difficult goals will have significant benefits for task performance.