Question 1

The sense of smell is also referred to as the sense of

Accepted Answer

A)   surfaction.
B)   olfaction.
C)   adaptation.
D)   involution.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Which object would have the greatest amount of visual contour?

Accepted Answer

A)   A series of black circles on a white background
B)   A gray ship on the ocean
C)   A pillow with pastel blobs of blue and yellow
D)   A clear baby-bottle filled with breast milkE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

What can we conclude regarding developmental changes in speech perception?

Accepted Answer

A)   With age, we become more sensitive to sound discriminations that are relevant in our own language and less sensitive to sound discriminations that are irrelevant.
B)   With age, we become more sensitive to all sound discriminations.
C)   There are no detectable differences in sound discriminations with age.
D)   With age, we become more sensitive to differences in consonant sounds and less sensitive to differences in vowel sounds.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

If you turn on a floor fan, an infant will orient toward the sound. After a while, it will appear to lose interest in the spinning blades. The phenomenon underlying the loss of interest is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   habituation.
B)   generalization.
C)   maturation.
D)   discrimination.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Perceptual development

Accepted Answer

A)   is impervious to cultural differences.
B)   varies across cultures because of socialization differences.
C)   varies across cultures because of differences in sensory capabilities.
D)   varies across cultures because of differences in levels of intellectual ability.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Dr. Violet is interested in how young children perceive color. In her study, Dr. Violet simultaneously shows young children two blobs of different color and measures the amount of time they focus on each blob. Dr. Violet's technique is known as a(n)  _____ task.

Accepted Answer

A)   habituation
B)   preferential looking
C)   evoked potentials
D)   operant conditioningE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

The ability of adolescents to maintain attention for longer periods has been linked to increased myelination.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

While they both significantly affect vision, retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration differ in that retinitis pigmentosa _____ and age-related macular degeneration _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   is due to genetics; is due to illness
B)   impacts peripheral vision; impacts central vision
C)   is more likely to be found in males; is more likely to be found in females
D)   impacts close vision; impacts far visionE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 9

The senses of _____ both rely on detection of chemical molecules.

Accepted Answer

A)   taste and smell
B)   smell and vision
C)   vision and hearing
D)   hearing and tasteE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

When looking at faces, infants between age one and two months shift from

Accepted Answer

A)   looking at the top of the face to looking at the bottom of the face.
B)   looking at the bottom of the face to looking at the top of the face.
C)   looking at the outer contour of the face to looking at the interiors of the face.
D)   looking at the interiors of the face to looking at the outer contour of the face.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Newborns look in the direction of a sound that they hear. They also try to grasp objects that they can see. This suggests that newborns

Accepted Answer

A)   use the senses of sight, hearing, and touch, more than taste and smell.
B)   use vision to coordinate all the senses.
C)   cannot distinguish between their senses.
D)   can integrate two or more senses.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Age-related _____ degeneration involves damage to the retinal cells and results in the loss of central vision.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Age-related _____ degeneration involves damage to the...

Question 13

The fact that infants' attention seems to involve reacting to environmental stimulation (i.e., an item catches their attention)  rather than being deliberately focused, illustrates the concept of a(n)  _____ system.

Accepted Answer

A)   dynamic
B)   orienting
C)   fail-safe
D)   intentionalE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Six-month-old Barbie watches as two dolls are placed behind a screen. When the screen is removed, Barbie sees either two dolls (possible)  or one doll (impossible) . Which of the following reactions is the infant likely to show?

Accepted Answer

A)   Barbie will not notice any difference between the possible and impossible outcomes, as evidenced by no difference in looking times at the two outcomes.
B)   Barbie will look longer at the impossible outcome than the possible outcome.
C)   Barbie will look longer at the possible outcome because it is familiar to her.
D)   Barbie will not look at either outcome because they will have habituated to the original stimulus.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Which describes the "sleeper effect of early visual deficits?"

Accepted Answer

A)   If an infant does not experience normal visual experience, even after corrective surgery, it may never develop a normal perception of vision
B)   Naps are critical to the development of the depth receptors found on the retina
C)   The brain is so plastic, that even with complete absence of visual stimulation for up to a year, human infants will not show any detrimental effects
D)   Children tend to inherit visual problems that show up suddenly around age sixE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Research has shown that children who undergo surgery for congenital cataracts, but who missed out on early visual experience,

Accepted Answer

A)   are unable to see any details of faces.
B)   are able to see details of faces, but have difficulty identifying different orientation of the same face.
C)   are able to see details of faces, but have difficulty telling two different people apart.
D)   have face discrimination abilities identical to children born without cataracts.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

In a normally developing human, mature color vision is achieved

Accepted Answer

A)   near the end of the fetal stage.
B)   within a day after birth.
C)   about three to four months after birth.
D)   around a child's first birthday.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Research findings from Murphy (1985)  suggests that the ability of older individuals to identify food is most negatively impacted by

Accepted Answer

A)   losses in the ability to taste and smell.
B)   losses in the ability to taste and cognitive declines impacting memory.
C)   losses in the ability to smell and cognitive declines impacting memory.
D)   losses in the ability to see and cognitive declines impacting memory.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

A black-and-white checkerboard would have a great deal of _____, which is the amount of light-dark transition of an object.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A black-and-white checkerboard would have a great...

Question 20

Increased eye pressure that can eventually lead to blindness is called

Accepted Answer

A)   glaucoma.
B)   retinitis pigmentosa.
C)   cataracts.
D)   presbyopia.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Exam 6: Sensation, Perception, and Action

In a normally developing human, mature color vision is achieved

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Violet is interested in how young children perceive color. In her study, Dr. Violet simultaneously shows young children two blobs of different color and measures the amount of time they focus on each blob. Dr. Violet's technique is known as a(n) _____ task.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Age-related _____ degeneration involves damage to the retinal cells and results in the loss of central vision.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which object would have the greatest amount of visual contour?

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A black-and-white checkerboard would have a great deal of _____, which is the amount of light-dark transition of an object.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability of adolescents to maintain attention for longer periods has been linked to increased myelination.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research findings from Murphy (1985) suggests that the ability of older individuals to identify food is most negatively impacted by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Newborns look in the direction of a sound that they hear. They also try to grasp objects that they can see. This suggests that newborns

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that infants' attention seems to involve reacting to environmental stimulation (i.e., an item catches their attention) rather than being deliberately focused, illustrates the concept of a(n) _____ system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increased eye pressure that can eventually lead to blindness is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When looking at faces, infants between age one and two months shift from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you turn on a floor fan, an infant will orient toward the sound. After a while, it will appear to lose interest in the spinning blades. The phenomenon underlying the loss of interest is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What can we conclude regarding developmental changes in speech perception?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which describes the "sleeper effect of early visual deficits?"

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Perceptual development

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Six-month-old Barbie watches as two dolls are placed behind a screen. When the screen is removed, Barbie sees either two dolls (possible) or one doll (impossible) . Which of the following reactions is the infant likely to show?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While they both significantly affect vision, retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration differ in that retinitis pigmentosa _____ and age-related macular degeneration _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sense of smell is also referred to as the sense of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research has shown that children who undergo surgery for congenital cataracts, but who missed out on early visual experience,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The senses of _____ both rely on detection of chemical molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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While they both significantly affect vision, retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration differ in that retinitis pigmentosa _ and age-related macular degeneration _.

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