Question 1

The bicarbonate buffering system is the most important buffering system in the extracellular fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

When physiological systems cannot compensate for an acid-base disturbance,and the deviation from normal pH becomes more persistent,it is referred to as an acid-base ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When physiological systems cannot compensate for an...

Question 3

Elderly individuals generally have a _______ percentage of body fluid and are therefore _______ prone to fluid imbalances.

Accepted Answer

A)  high;more
B)  high;less
C)  low;less
D)  low;moreE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Insulin causes blood plasma levels of potassium to ________ by _______ activity of the Na+/K+pumps.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase;stimulating
B)  increase;inhibiting
C)  decrease;stimulating
D)  decrease;inhibitingE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Compared to adults,infants are _______ susceptible to respiratory acidosis due to lower _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  more,carbon dioxide levels.
B)  more,residual volume.
C)  less,carbon dioxide levels.
D)  less,residual volume.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 6

When fluid intake equals fluid output,and there is a normal distribution of solvent and solutes in the body's fluid compartments,fluid ________ exists.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When fluid intake equals fluid output,and there...

Question 7

High levels of ADH cause

Accepted Answer

A)  vasoconstriction and therefore increases in blood pressure.
B)  vasoconstriction and therefore decreases in blood pressure.
C)  vasodilation and therefore increases in blood pressure.
D)  vasodilation and therefore decreases in blood pressure.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 8

The high metabolic rate of infants puts them at increased risk of metabolic

Accepted Answer

A)  acidosis.
B)  alkalosis.C) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 9

Excessive intake of alcohol leads to respiratory alkalosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Most nonelectrolytes are covalently bonded organic molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Changes in blood osmolarity within capillaries of the hypothalamus are a signal for ADH release.The neurons that are sensitive to these changes in osmolarity are _________.

Accepted Answer

chemorecep...

Question 12

If someone runs a marathon through a desert while eating pretzels and not drinking water,their plasma osmolarity

Accepted Answer

A)  rises and becomes hypertonic to the interstitial and intracellular fluid compartments.
B)  rises and becomes hypotonic to the interstitial and intracellular fluid compartments.
C)  decreases and becomes hypertonic to the interstitial and intracellular fluid compartments.
D)  decreases and becomes hypotonic to the interstitial and intracellular fluid compartments.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Fixed acid is also called volatile acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Increases in secretion of the hormone ADH cause sodium concentration in the blood plasma to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase.
B)  stay at the same level.
C)  decrease.D) None of the above
E) All of the above

Question 15

If someone in an accident suffered severe burns as well as hemorrhage,they would be at high risk for

Accepted Answer

A)  hypotonic hydration.
B)  volume depletion.
C)  hypotonic dehydration.
D)  volume excess.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Medicines that overstimulate respiratory centers in the brain lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory acidosis.
B)  respiratory alkalosis.
C)  metabolic acidosis.
D)  metabolic alkalosis.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

How are sodium levels and blood pressure related

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased plasma sodium levels decrease water retention,decrease blood volume,and increase blood pressure.
B)  Decreased plasma sodium levels increase water retention,increase blood volume,and decrease blood pressure.
C)  Increased plasma sodium levels increase water retention,blood volume,and blood pressure.
D)  Decreased plasma sodium levels decrease water retention,increase blood volume,and increase blood pressure.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

If a strong acid were to add H+to the intracellular fluid,the effect would most likely be buffered,because

Accepted Answer

A)  HPO42-would act as a weak acid and donate an H+to become PO4-.
B)  HPO42-would act as a weak base and accept an H+to become H2PO4-.
C)  H2PO4-would act as a weak acid and accept an H+to become H3PO4-.
D)  PO4would act as a strong base and accept an H+to become HPO4.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Edema is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydration.
B)  volume depletion.
C)  total volume excess.
D)  fluid sequestration.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

If an individual's respiratory rate decreases,then blood CO2levels

Accepted Answer

A)  rise,blood H+ levels rise,and blood pH rises.
B)  rise,blood H+ levels rise,and blood pH falls.
C)  rise,blood H+ levels fall,and blood pH falls.
D)  fall,blood H+ levels rise,and blood pH rises.
E)  fall,blood H+ levels fall,and blood pH falls.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Exam 25: Fluid and Electrolytes

Compared to adults,infants are _______ susceptible to respiratory acidosis due to lower _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If someone in an accident suffered severe burns as well as hemorrhage,they would be at high risk for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How are sodium levels and blood pressure related

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Edema is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fixed acid is also called volatile acid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If someone runs a marathon through a desert while eating pretzels and not drinking water,their plasma osmolarity

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Medicines that overstimulate respiratory centers in the brain lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an individual's respiratory rate decreases,then blood CO2levels

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increases in secretion of the hormone ADH cause sodium concentration in the blood plasma to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Changes in blood osmolarity within capillaries of the hypothalamus are a signal for ADH release.The neurons that are sensitive to these changes in osmolarity are _________.

Correct Answerverifiedchemorecep...View AnswerShow Answer

Elderly individuals generally have a _______ percentage of body fluid and are therefore _______ prone to fluid imbalances.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When physiological systems cannot compensate for an acid-base disturbance,and the deviation from normal pH becomes more persistent,it is referred to as an acid-base ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Excessive intake of alcohol leads to respiratory alkalosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The high metabolic rate of infants puts them at increased risk of metabolic

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most nonelectrolytes are covalently bonded organic molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When fluid intake equals fluid output,and there is a normal distribution of solvent and solutes in the body's fluid compartments,fluid ________ exists.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insulin causes blood plasma levels of potassium to ________ by _______ activity of the Na+/K+pumps.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

High levels of ADH cause

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bicarbonate buffering system is the most important buffering system in the extracellular fluid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a strong acid were to add H+to the intracellular fluid,the effect would most likely be buffered,because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to adults,infants are _ susceptible to respiratory acidosis due to lower ___.

Correct Answer
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If an individual's respiratory rate decreases,then blood CO₂levels

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chemorecep...
View Answer

Elderly individuals generally have a _ percentage of body fluid and are therefore _ prone to fluid imbalances.

Correct Answer
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Insulin causes blood plasma levels of potassium to __ by _ activity of the Na⁺/K⁺pumps.

Correct Answer
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If a strong acid were to add H⁺to the intracellular fluid,the effect would most likely be buffered,because

Correct Answer
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