Question 1

Net filtration pressure is equal to the

Accepted Answer

A)  capsular hydrostatic pressure plus the sum of the blood colloid osmotic pressure and the glomerular hydrostatic pressure.
B)  glomerular hydrostatic pressure minus the sum of the blood colloid osmotic pressure and capsular hydrostatic pressure.
C)  capsular hydrostatic pressure minus the sum of the blood colloid osmotic pressure and glomerular hydrostatic pressure.
D)  blood colloid osmotic pressure minus the capsular hydrostatic pressure.
E)  glomerular hydrostatic pressure plus blood colloid osmotic pressure minus capsular hydrostatic pressure.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

Substances that are both filtered and reabsorbed have a renal plasma clearance that is _________ the GFR.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher than
B)  lower than
C)  the same asD) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 3

-This figure shows a renal corpuscle.What structure does number 6 indicate

Accepted Answer

A)  Efferent arteriole
B)  Distal convoluted tubule
C)  Proximal convoluted tubule
D)  Afferent arteriole
E)  Nephron loopF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

Fluid contained within a minor calyx is called urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The specific gravity of urine is its density compared to that of water,and the more solutes urine has,the higher its specific gravity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

From innermost to outermost,the protective layers on the kidney are the

Accepted Answer

A)  fibrous capsule,perinephric fat,renal fascia,paranephric fat.
B)  renal corpuscle,perinephric fat,renal fascia,paranephric fat.
C)  renal fascia,paranephric fat,renal corpuscle,perinephric fat.
D)  renal fascia,perinephric fat,fibrous capsule,paranephric fat.
E)  fibrous capsule,paranephric fat,renal fascia,perinephric fat.F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Sympathetic axons innervate the afferent and efferent arterioles of the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The glomerulus is part of the renal tubule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The renal threshold of a substance refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of protein transporters for the substance per tubule.
B)  the plasma concentration of the substance below which it does not appear in the urine.
C)  the concentration of the substance found in the kidney before the substance becomes toxic.
D)  the concentration of the substance in the urine that results in an overall increase in urine volume.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

In the process of urine formation,first

Accepted Answer

A)  filtrate is formed,then tubular fluid,then urine.
B)  tubular fluid is formed,then filtrate,then urine.C) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 11

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure is the pressure of

Accepted Answer

A)  blood in the nephron capsule.
B)  tubular fluid in the glomerular capsule.
C)  blood in the glomerular capillaries.
D)  filtrate in the glomerular capillaries.
E)  solutes in the tubular fluid.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Pregnancy tests often involve checking the urine for the presence of

Accepted Answer

A)  bilirubin from the fetus.
B)  human chorionic gonadotropin.
C)  sulfonamides.
D)  epinephrine and prostaglandin.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 13

Both aspirin and morphine are eliminated in the urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In order to accommodate the large liver,

Accepted Answer

A)  the left kidney is about 2 centimeters inferior to the right kidney.
B)  the right kidney is about 2 centimeters inferior to the left kidney.C) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 15

Which step(s) in the process of urine formation occur in the renal tubule

Accepted Answer

A)  Filtration only
B)  Secretion only
C)  Reabsorption only
D)  Filtration,secretion,and reabsorption
E)  Secretion and reabsorption onlyF) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 16

The juxtaglomerular cells release the enzyme ______________ when the macula densa cells detect low blood volume or solute concentration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The juxtaglomerular cells release the enzyme ______________...

Question 17

Increases in capsular hydrostatic pressure result in increases in net filtration pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which is not correct regarding the innervation of the kidney

Accepted Answer

A)  Parasympathetic innervation is from the vagus nerve.
B)  The kidney is served by the renal plexus.
C)  Sympathetic innervation is from segments T10-T12 of the spinal cord.
D)  Sympathetic stimulation causes vasoconstriction of the renal blood vessels.
E)  Parasympathetic stimulation decreases the rate of filtrate formation.F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 19

Type A and Type B cells of kidney tubules are types of principal cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

As it is leaving the kidney,blood passes directly from the arcuate vein to the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal vein.
B)  vasa recta.
C)  segmental vein.
D)  interlobar vein.
E)  interlobular vein.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Exam 24: Urinary System

Sympathetic axons innervate the afferent and efferent arterioles of the kidneys.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The juxtaglomerular cells release the enzyme ______________ when the macula densa cells detect low blood volume or solute concentration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fluid contained within a minor calyx is called urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Type A and Type B cells of kidney tubules are types of principal cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pregnancy tests often involve checking the urine for the presence of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The renal threshold of a substance refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure is the pressure of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Substances that are both filtered and reabsorbed have a renal plasma clearance that is _________ the GFR.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From innermost to outermost,the protective layers on the kidney are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-This figure shows a renal corpuscle.What structure does number 6 indicate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to accommodate the large liver,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not correct regarding the innervation of the kidney

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which step(s) in the process of urine formation occur in the renal tubule

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As it is leaving the kidney,blood passes directly from the arcuate vein to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both aspirin and morphine are eliminated in the urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The glomerulus is part of the renal tubule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increases in capsular hydrostatic pressure result in increases in net filtration pressure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the process of urine formation,first

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The specific gravity of urine is its density compared to that of water,and the more solutes urine has,the higher its specific gravity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Net filtration pressure is equal to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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