Question 1

Synapses where pre- and postsynaptic cells are directly connected so that current can pass from one cell to another are called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Synapses where pre- and postsynaptic cells are...

Question 2

Given the information below,the neuron with the characteristics listed in choice __________ would have the fastest conduction velocity.

Accepted Answer

A)  myelinated,50 μm diameter
B)  myelinated,10 μm diameter
C)  unmyelinated,50 μm diameter
D)  unmyelinated,10 μm diameterE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 3

The absolute and relative refractory periods of an action potential determine other parameters of action potentials such as causing unidirectional conduction and limiting their frequency.Describe what is happening during each of the refractory periods.Then use this information to describe how the different periods affect conduction and frequency.

Accepted Answer

Action potentials have both absolute and...

Question 4

A capacitor can store more change when it has a

Accepted Answer

A)  large surface area and thick insulating layer.
B)  small surface area and thin insulating layer.
C)  large surface area and thin insulating layer.
D)  small surface area and thick insulating layer.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

In a neuromuscular junction,the muscle is the

Accepted Answer

A)  presynaptic cell.
B)  postsynaptic cell.
C)  synaptic cell.
D)  synapse.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

The action potential of Chara,an algae species,is generated by

Accepted Answer

A)  Cl⁻ efflux via voltage-gated channels.
B)  Cl⁻ efflux via channels opened by second messenger pathways.
C)  Ca²⁺ influx via channels opened by second messenger pathways.
D)  Ca²⁺ efflux via voltage-gated channels.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 7

Increasing axon diameter decreases membrane and intracellular resistance,so it seems the two might cancel each other out in terms of their effect on the conduction speed.Yet,conduction speed is increased by increasing diameter size.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Membrane resistance doesn't really affect conduction speed that much.
B)  Intracellular resistance doesn't really affect conduction speed that much.
C)  Membrane resistance decreases linearly while intracellular resistance decreases by the square of the radius.
D)  Intracellular resistance decreases linearly while membrane resistance decreases by the square of the radius.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

When ligand-gated receptors open channels in dendrites,the resulting electrical signal is called a __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When ligand-gated receptors open channels in dendrites,the...

Question 9

During synaptic transmission,

Accepted Answer

A)  the frequency of the action potential is directly correlated with neurotransmitter release.
B)  the frequency of the action potential is inversely correlated with neurotransmitter release.
C)  the intracellular concentration of Ca²⁺ remains stable because of intracellular buffers.
D)  the concentration of Ca²⁺ is inversely related to the amount of neurotransmitter released.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true of nerves?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are composed of groups of neurons.
B)  Neurons are composed of groups of nerves.
C)  They act as pipes in the body,transporting fluid.
D)  Signals generated in nerves can travel only short distances.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

The membrane of an axon acts as a resistor and a __________ because it resists the flow of current and can store an electrical charge.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The membrane of an axon acts as...

Question 12

Myelination increases the speed of conduction by decreasing the time constant and increasing the length constant.It achieves this by

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing membrane resistance and decreasing capacitance.
B)  increasing both membrane resistance and capacitance.
C)  decreasing membrane resistance and increasing capacitance.
D)  decreasing both membrane resistance and capacitance.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

A cell will most likely hyperpolarize when __________ enters it.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cl⁻
B)  Na⁺
C)  Ca²⁺
D)  both B and CE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

A membrane's length constant will be greatest when

Accepted Answer

A)  Rm is low.
B)  Rᵢ is low.
C)  Rm is high.
D)  both B and CE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

When considering spatial summation of graded potentials,it is important to keep in mind

Accepted Answer

A)  how far the potential may have traveled.
B)  the initial amplitude of the potential.
C)  the polarity of the potential.
D)  all of the aboveE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Glial cells were originally thought to play a very minor role in the nervous system.In fact,their name is derived from the Greek word for glue.However,recent findings have demonstrated a number of functions for these cells.Discuss these functions and their importance in allowing neurons to function.

Accepted Answer

Glial cells are known to play a number o...

Question 17

Describe the differences between electrical and chemical synapses in terms of mechanisms and functional characteristics of transmission.

Accepted Answer

Transmission across an electrical synaps...

Question 18

A __________ transmits signals from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A __________ transmits signals from the central...

Question 19

A decrease in neurotransmitter release with repeated action potentials is termed _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A decrease in neurotransmitter release with repeated...

Question 20

Which of the following statements is correct concerning the variation of voltage-gated ion channels?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na⁺ channels have much greater diversity than K⁺ channels.
B)  Typically,a more complex nervous system also contains a greater diversity of channels.
C)  There is a great diversity of channels,but within a single organism,only one isoform of a channel can exist.
D)  There is a large diversity of channels,but they show no physiological significance.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Exam 5: Neuron Structure and Function

When ligand-gated receptors open channels in dendrites,the resulting electrical signal is called a __________.

Correct Answer
verified

A decrease in neurotransmitter release with repeated action potentials is termed _________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is correct concerning the variation of voltage-gated ion channels?

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the differences between electrical and chemical synapses in terms of mechanisms and functional characteristics of transmission.

Correct Answer
verified
Transmission across an electrical synaps...
View Answer

A membrane's length constant will be greatest when

Correct Answer
verified

When considering spatial summation of graded potentials,it is important to keep in mind

Correct Answer
verified

The action potential of Chara,an algae species,is generated by

Correct Answer
verified

Given the information below,the neuron with the characteristics listed in choice __________ would have the fastest conduction velocity.

Correct Answer
verified

Increasing axon diameter decreases membrane and intracellular resistance,so it seems the two might cancel each other out in terms of their effect on the conduction speed.Yet,conduction speed is increased by increasing diameter size.Why?

Correct Answer
verified

Synapses where pre- and postsynaptic cells are directly connected so that current can pass from one cell to another are called __________.

Correct Answer
verified

A capacitor can store more change when it has a

Correct Answer
verified

A cell will most likely hyperpolarize when __________ enters it.

Correct Answer
verified

Myelination increases the speed of conduction by decreasing the time constant and increasing the length constant.It achieves this by

Correct Answer
verified

Glial cells were originally thought to play a very minor role in the nervous system.In fact,their name is derived from the Greek word for glue.However,recent findings have demonstrated a number of functions for these cells.Discuss these functions and their importance in allowing neurons to function.

Correct Answer
verified
Glial cells are known to play a number o...
View Answer

Which of the following statements is true of nerves?

Correct Answer
verified

A __________ transmits signals from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Action potentials have both absolute and...
View Answer

During synaptic transmission,

Correct Answer
verified

The membrane of an axon acts as a resistor and a __________ because it resists the flow of current and can store an electrical charge.

Correct Answer
verified

In a neuromuscular junction,the muscle is the

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 5: Neuron Structure and Function

When ligand-gated receptors open channels in dendrites,the resulting electrical signal is called a __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A decrease in neurotransmitter release with repeated action potentials is termed _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is correct concerning the variation of voltage-gated ion channels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the differences between electrical and chemical synapses in terms of mechanisms and functional characteristics of transmission.

Correct AnswerverifiedTransmission across an electrical synaps...View AnswerShow Answer

A membrane's length constant will be greatest when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When considering spatial summation of graded potentials,it is important to keep in mind

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The action potential of Chara,an algae species,is generated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Given the information below,the neuron with the characteristics listed in choice __________ would have the fastest conduction velocity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increasing axon diameter decreases membrane and intracellular resistance,so it seems the two might cancel each other out in terms of their effect on the conduction speed.Yet,conduction speed is increased by increasing diameter size.Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Synapses where pre- and postsynaptic cells are directly connected so that current can pass from one cell to another are called __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A capacitor can store more change when it has a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cell will most likely hyperpolarize when __________ enters it.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Myelination increases the speed of conduction by decreasing the time constant and increasing the length constant.It achieves this by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedGlial cells are known to play a number o...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of nerves?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A __________ transmits signals from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedAction potentials have both absolute and...View AnswerShow Answer

During synaptic transmission,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The membrane of an axon acts as a resistor and a __________ because it resists the flow of current and can store an electrical charge.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a neuromuscular junction,the muscle is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Transmission across an electrical synaps...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Glial cells are known to play a number o...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Action potentials have both absolute and...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified