Question 1

ATP is important to cellular processes because it

Accepted Answer

A)  is formed by muscles contracting or whenever cellular work occurs.
B)  provides energy for cellular work when the terminal, high-energy bond is broken.
C)  releases oxygen when high-energy phosphate bonds are broken.
D)  is a by-product of all catabolic reactions.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

A substance that causes a mutation is called a ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A substance that causes a mutation is...

Question 3

A mutation that changes a CGC codon to CGA would not affect health because the encoded amino acid is unchanged.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In dehydration synthesis of a carbohydrate,

Accepted Answer

A)  larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones.
B)  monosaccharides are joined.
C)  water molecules bond to monosaccharide molecules.
D)  the molecule is broken down into carbon dioxide and water.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

When a sucrose molecule is broken down to yield a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule,

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydration synthesis occurs.
B)  a water molecule is released.
C)  a water molecule is used.
D)  starch is consumed.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Which choice lists structures in order of increasing size?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogenous base - nucleotide - gene - chromosome - genome
B)  nitrogenous base - nucleotide - gene - genome - chromosome
C)  genome - nucleus - chromosome - nucleotide - gene
D)  cell - organelle - tissue - organE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Enzymes are proteins that promote specific chemical reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following would NOT be an example of an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)  A molecule that remains unchanged after assisting in a chemical reaction
B)  A molecule that assists in the breakdown of proteins into amino acids in the stomach
C)  A molecule that helps to form the cytoskeleton of a cell
D)  A molecule that breaks down sucrose into glucose and fructoseE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Dehydration synthesis is catabolic and hydrolysis is anabolic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

If the DNA sequence ATGCTCAT was found to have the complimentary strand TACGGGTA, which of the following is possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  There was an error during DNA replication.
B)  The cell correctly copied the DNA strand during replication.
C)  There was an error during translation where the incorrect nucleotide was brought by the mRNA.
D)  There was an error during transcription where the incorrect codon on the tRNA molecule.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

The process that extracts energy from glucose and makes it available is cellular ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process that extracts energy from glucose...

Question 12

Building up large molecules is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Building up large molecules is called ________....

Question 13

Genetic information is contained in protein molecules and is passed from one parent to another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

How does oxidation during cellular respiration differ from burning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Respiration doesn't use enzymes to lower the activation energy.
B)  Respiration requires a relatively large amount of energy to start the process.
C)  Respiration uses enzymes to lower the activation energy.
D)  Respiration releases more energy as heat and light.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

MicroRNAs

Accepted Answer

A)  are 21 or 22 bases long.
B)  control gene expression.
C)  are noncoding RNAs.
D)  All of these answer choices are correct.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

A DNA sequence AACGGTGCACCACGG encodes a portion of a protein of sequence

Accepted Answer

A)  ile-gly-ala-pro-arg.
B)  leu-pro-arg-gly-ala.
C)  ala-gly-arg-pro-leu.
D)  arg-pro-ala-gly-ile.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 17

The genetic code is the correspondence between DNA sequence and amino acid sequence of a protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A cofactor is ________. Examples are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an inorganic molecule that all enzymes require; cholesterol and calcium
B)  an inorganic molecule that some enzymes require; vitamin B₁₂ and B₆
C)  a necessary part of some enzymes; copper, iron, and zinc
D)  a molecule that destabilizes substrates; carbonic acidE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

The genetic code is

Accepted Answer

A)  the correspondence between a sequence of three DNA nucleotides and a specific amino acid.
B)  the correspondence between a DNA nucleotide and an RNA nucleotide.
C)  the correspondence between a gene and a genome.
D)  the correspondence between a specific amino acid and a specific gene.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Which DNA sequence can encode the amino acid sequence ile-asp-ser-cys-his-tyr?

Accepted Answer

A)  TAGCTGTCAACAGTGATA
B)  TAACTGTCGACGGTGATG
C)  TAACTAAGTACGGTGATG
D)  All of the answer choices are correctE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 4: Cellular Metabolism

Which DNA sequence can encode the amino acid sequence ile-asp-ser-cys-his-tyr?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutation that changes a CGC codon to CGA would not affect health because the encoded amino acid is unchanged.

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In dehydration synthesis of a carbohydrate,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

MicroRNAs

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Building up large molecules is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The genetic code is the correspondence between DNA sequence and amino acid sequence of a protein.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the DNA sequence ATGCTCAT was found to have the complimentary strand TACGGGTA, which of the following is possible?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The genetic code is

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When a sucrose molecule is broken down to yield a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does oxidation during cellular respiration differ from burning?

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Which of the following would NOT be an example of an enzyme?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which choice lists structures in order of increasing size?

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A substance that causes a mutation is called a ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cofactor is ________. Examples are ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic information is contained in protein molecules and is passed from one parent to another.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dehydration synthesis is catabolic and hydrolysis is anabolic.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process that extracts energy from glucose and makes it available is cellular ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Enzymes are proteins that promote specific chemical reactions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

ATP is important to cellular processes because it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A DNA sequence AACGGTGCACCACGG encodes a portion of a protein of sequence

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A cofactor is . Examples are .

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