Question 1

The white-footed mouse, deer, and deer ticks are important to maintaining the zoonotic transmission cycle associated with ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  babesiosis
B)  Q fever
C)  plague
D)  Lyme disease
E)  Rocky Mountain spotted feverF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

The cardiovascular system is highly protected from microbial infection because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is the only body system that is liquid-based, i.e., with blood.
B)  it is the only body system that has no normal microbiota.
C)  it is so close to the skin that even minor injuries could lead to major infection.
D)  failure to do so will result in a systemic infection.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Documented transmission of HIV involves ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory droplets
B)  unprotected sexual intercourse or contact with blood/blood products
C)  mosquitoes
D)  contaminated foodE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding subacute endocarditis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is caused by autoantibodies that inappropriately target heart and valve tissue.
B)  It occurs exclusively in patients that have prior heart damage.
C)   Bacteria colonize previously damaged heart tissue resulting in biofilm growth.
D)  It can be caused by oral bacteria that are introduced to the blood by dental procedures.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Cat scratch disease can be prevented by ______,

Accepted Answer

A)  vaccination
B)  avoiding unpasteurized milk
C)  avoiding environments with ticks
D)  animal control
E)  promptly cleaning any scratch woundF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

The fibrous sac that encloses the heart is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  myocardium
B)  epicardium
C)  endocardium
D)  pericardium
E)  ectocardiumF) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

Erythema migrans, a bull's-eye rash, at the site of a tick bite is associated with ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Q fever
B)  Rocky Mountain spotted fever
C)  Lyme disease
D)  plague
E)  ehrlichiosisF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

The reservoir for the Lassa fever virus is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  fruit bat
B)  Aedes mosquito
C)  deer tick
D)  Anopheles mosquito
E)  multimammate ratF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 9

Which type of hemorrhagic fever has been shown to respond to ribavirin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lassa fever
B)  Marburg
C)  Ebola
D)  Rocky Mountain spotted feverE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following statements concerning Rocky Mountain spotted fever is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The causative bacterium is transmitted by Ixodes ticks.
B)  Disease symptoms include fever, headache, and rash.
C)  An infection rarely has complications beyond mild discomfort.
D)  Infections are seen in highest numbers in the Rocky Mountains.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Which of the following statements regarding the Epstein-Barr virus is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  The virus has a 30-50 day incubation period.
B)  The virus is transmitted by direct oral contact and saliva.
C)   An infection typically requires hospitalization for about a week.
D)  An infection results in sudden leukocytosis.
E)  Transmission has been documented through contaminated blood transfusions and organ transplants.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic fever diseases have a common feature of a high fever.These categories of diseases are distinguished by

Accepted Answer

A)  viral causes in hemorrhagic fevers and bacterial or protozoan causes in nonhemorrhagic fevers.
B)  the overall mortality rate, as hemorrhagic fevers have a much higher mortality rate.
C)  the integrity of the capillary endothelium and its ability to contain the blood.
D)  the pattern of the fever, whether it is constant or varies with time.
E)  the viral load in the blood, specifically the viral titer.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 13

At the blood donation facility, you are completing an information form.The form asks about your health history and includes a question about whether you have ever had malaria or visited a country where malaria is endemic.Why is this information relevant?

Accepted Answer

A)  If you are infected with malaria, you are probably also infected with HIV, and that would disqualify your donation.
B)  Recipients differ in their susceptibility to malaria; if you have had malaria, the staff will earmark your blood to specific kinds of recipients.
C)  This is just one of many pathogens that blood is screened for.The information given by the donor saves the staff time in testing the blood.
D)   Malarial parasites can persist in the liver, and, as a result, could be contaminating your blood and transferred to a recipient.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 14

Lyme disease is transmitted by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  droplets
B)  ticks
C)  lice
D)  fleas
E)  fliesF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Yersinia pestis

Accepted Answer

A)  does not respond to antimicrobial drugs.
B)  was virulent historically but currently circulating strains are not virulent.
C)  is usually transmitted by a flea vector.
D)  has deer as an endemic reservoir.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Following unprotected sex with a guy you met at a party, you are now worried about what you might have been exposed to during this episode.Ten days later, you talk to your doctor about getting an HIV test.What is the doctor's response?

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV infection can be latent and asymptomatic for years, so testing should be postponed until you exhibit symptoms of AIDS.
B)  The antibiotic that you have been taking for a urinary tract infection will also destroy HIV, so you don't have to worry about an infection.
C)   It's too soon to detect the antibody produced by your immune system in response to HIV exposure, so a test will come back negative.Wait a few more weeks to be tested.
D)   The incidence of HIV infection in the United States is at an all-time low level, so transmission was not at all likely, especially after only a single possible exposure.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

A frequent cancer that is seen in AIDS patients is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hodgkin's lymphoma
B)  myeloma
C)  Kaposi's sarcoma
D)  melanoma
E)  leukemiaF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Which of the following are features that make Bacillus anthracis a potential bioterrorism weapon?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is naturally occurring worldwide in soil, and intentional release may not be suspected.
B)  It forms endospores that can be stored in powder form indefinitely.
C)  Pulmonary anthrax is rapidly fatal.
D)  Vaccination is not widespread in the United States.
E)  All of these choices are correct.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 19

Ehrlichiosis, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, dengue fever, and tularemia are all infectious diseases of the cardiovascular system.What feature do they have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  People with immune deficiencies are especially susceptible to these diseases.
B)   They are all transmitted by arthropod vectors.
C)   They are all endemic in the mountain states in the western U.S.
D)   The causative agent of each of these diseases is a bacterium.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following is not true of Ebola and Marburg?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood clotting is disrupted in an infection with these viruses.
B)  They are filoviruses.
C)  There is currently no effective treatment for infected individuals.
D)  They transmitted by direct contact with body fluids from affected individuals.
E)  The viruses are transmitted by mosquitoes.F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Exam 20: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

The reservoir for the Lassa fever virus is the ______.

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Lyme disease is transmitted by ______.

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Which type of hemorrhagic fever has been shown to respond to ribavirin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cat scratch disease can be prevented by ______,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the blood donation facility, you are completing an information form.The form asks about your health history and includes a question about whether you have ever had malaria or visited a country where malaria is endemic.Why is this information relevant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fibrous sac that encloses the heart is the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ehrlichiosis, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, dengue fever, and tularemia are all infectious diseases of the cardiovascular system.What feature do they have in common?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A frequent cancer that is seen in AIDS patients is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding subacute endocarditis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Yersinia pestis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Documented transmission of HIV involves ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The white-footed mouse, deer, and deer ticks are important to maintaining the zoonotic transmission cycle associated with ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cardiovascular system is highly protected from microbial infection because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic fever diseases have a common feature of a high fever.These categories of diseases are distinguished by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Erythema migrans, a bull's-eye rash, at the site of a tick bite is associated with ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding the Epstein-Barr virus is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Following unprotected sex with a guy you met at a party, you are now worried about what you might have been exposed to during this episode.Ten days later, you talk to your doctor about getting an HIV test.What is the doctor's response?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of Ebola and Marburg?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are features that make Bacillus anthracis a potential bioterrorism weapon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements concerning Rocky Mountain spotted fever is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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