Question 1

Toxoplasma gondii infects the brain, as do many other pathogens.However, Toxoplasma differs from other pathogens in that it

Accepted Answer

A)  causes tumor formation in the brain.
B)  causes destruction of brain tissue.
C)  always kills the host.
D)   manifests in behavioral changes in the host.E) None of the above
F) All of the above D

Question 2

Viral meningitis normally requires aggressive antiviral treatment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following is/are a sign or symptom of meningitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Headache
B)  Stiff neck
C)  White blood cells in cerebrospinal fluid
D)  Fever
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 4

Encephalitis caused by arboviruses involves the development of

Accepted Answer

A)  fever, headache, and rash.
B)  coma, convulsions, and paralysis in severe cases.
C)  myalgia and orbital pain.
D)  muscle aches and joint stiffness.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is not a prion disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
B)  Scrapie
C)  Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
D)  Subacute sclerosing panencephalitisE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

The organism found in contaminated powdered infant formula that can cause meningitis is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Escherichia coli K1
B)  Escherichia coli O157:H7
C)  Cronobacter sakazakii
D)  Cryptococcus neoformans
E)  Streptococcus agalactiaeF) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Subacute encephalitis may be caused by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Toxoplasma gondii
B)  prions
C)  herpes simplex virus
D)  persistent measles virus
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Tetanus differs from botulism in that

Accepted Answer

A)  tetanus results in flaccid paralysis, while botulism paralysis is rigid.
B)  tetanus results from an exotoxin, botulism from an endotoxin.
C)  there is a vaccine for botulism but not for tetanus.
D)   muscles cannot relax in tetanus, while muscles cannot contract in botulism.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by a prion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is not a causative agent of acute encephalitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  JC virus
B)  Toxoplasma gondii
C)  Varicella-zoster virus
D)  Herpes simplex virus
E)  ArbovirusF) B) and E)
G) A) and B) B

Question 11

In both botulism and tetanus, respiratory muscles cannot facilitate breathing and, if untreated, respiratory collapse leads to death.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The best defense against arboviruses is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  prophylactic rifampin
B)  prompt treatment with acyclovir
C)  vector control
D)  vaccinationE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

The gut-brain axis refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in brain chemistry and behavior caused by the gut microbiota.
B)  neurons in the spinal cord that connect the gut and the brain.
C)  the location of dormant viruses that infect both the gut and the brain.
D)  pores in the blood-brain barrier that permit the passage of glucose and other nutrients.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C) A

Question 14

Treatment for Neisseria meningitidis consists of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  intravenous penicillin G
B)  vancomycin
C)  rifampin
D)  oral penicillin G
E)  tetracyclineF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 15

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding Listeria monocytogenes?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is fastidious.
B)  It does not produce a capsule.
C)  It is resistant to salt.
D)  It is resistant to cold.
E)  It is resistant to heat.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

The preferred preventative measure for polio in the United States is the

Accepted Answer

A)  inactive vaccine developed by Jonas Salk.
B)  oral, active vaccine developed by Jonas Salk.
C)  inactive vaccine developed by Albert Sabin.
D)  oral, active vaccine developed by Albert Sabin.
E)  No preventative measures are used because polio has been eradicated in the United States.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

In paralytic polio, which structures are damaged?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brain stem
B)  Diaphragm
C)  Sensory nerves
D)  Anterior horn cells
E)  Peripheral nervesF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following diseases exhibits the highest mortality rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  La Crosse encephalitis
B)  Jamestown Canyon encephalitis
C)  Eastern equine encephalitis
D)  West Nile encephalitisE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following is not true of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a small, gram-negative coccus.
B)  It is the most frequent cause of community-acquired meningitis.
C)  It has a polysaccharide capsule that resists phagocytosis.
D)  It produces an alpha-hemolysin and hydrogen peroxide.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Your friend was bitten by an aggressive dog with a history of biting without cause, and it is suspected to have rabies.The city health department recommends the rabies vaccination, even though she has already been exposed to the infectious agent.Which statement best describes why the vaccine can be given post-exposure?

Accepted Answer

A)  There were few virus particles in the bite, so her immune system has enough time to respond.
B)  Since there is no treatment available, they suggest the vaccine as a last resort.
C)   The virus exhibits a long incubation period, and therefore, in many cases, this provides the vaccine adequate time to have a protective effect in the patient.
D)   This particular strain of the rabies virus is probably nonpathogenic, so the vaccine is given to boost the immune system's protective functions.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Exam 19: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Toxoplasma gondii infects the brain, as do many other pathogens.However, Toxoplasma differs from other pathogens in that it

Correct Answer
verified
D

Viral meningitis normally requires aggressive antiviral treatment.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is/are a sign or symptom of meningitis?

Correct Answer
verified

Encephalitis caused by arboviruses involves the development of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a prion disease?

Correct Answer
verified

The organism found in contaminated powdered infant formula that can cause meningitis is ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Subacute encephalitis may be caused by ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Tetanus differs from botulism in that

Correct Answer
verified

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by a prion.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a causative agent of acute encephalitis?

Correct Answer
verified
B

In both botulism and tetanus, respiratory muscles cannot facilitate breathing and, if untreated, respiratory collapse leads to death.

Correct Answer
verified

The best defense against arboviruses is ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The gut-brain axis refers to

Correct Answer
verified
A

Treatment for Neisseria meningitidis consists of ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding Listeria monocytogenes?

Correct Answer
verified

The preferred preventative measure for polio in the United States is the

Correct Answer
verified

In paralytic polio, which structures are damaged?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following diseases exhibits the highest mortality rate?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not true of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 19: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Toxoplasma gondii infects the brain, as do many other pathogens.However, Toxoplasma differs from other pathogens in that it

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Viral meningitis normally requires aggressive antiviral treatment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is/are a sign or symptom of meningitis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Encephalitis caused by arboviruses involves the development of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a prion disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organism found in contaminated powdered infant formula that can cause meningitis is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Subacute encephalitis may be caused by ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tetanus differs from botulism in that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by a prion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a causative agent of acute encephalitis?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

In both botulism and tetanus, respiratory muscles cannot facilitate breathing and, if untreated, respiratory collapse leads to death.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The best defense against arboviruses is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gut-brain axis refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Treatment for Neisseria meningitidis consists of ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding Listeria monocytogenes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The preferred preventative measure for polio in the United States is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In paralytic polio, which structures are damaged?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following diseases exhibits the highest mortality rate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified