Question 1

An irregular cluster of spherical bacterial cells is termed ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  staphylospirillum
B)  streptobacillus
C)  staphylobacillus
D)  streptococcus
E)  staphylococcusF) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 2

Spirochetes are able to move due to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  cilia serving as walking feet
B)  a membrane-bound flagellum
C)  glycocalyx for gliding motility
D)  a periplasmic flagellum
E)  pseudopodsF) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following is not a phenotypic trait of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cell shape
B)  Biochemical reactions
C)  rRNA sequence
D)  Nutrient requirementsE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Which of the following bacteria is not closely related to the others?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salmonella enterica subsp.enterica
B)  Salmonella enterica subsp.indica
C)  Salmonella bongori
D)  Salmonella enterica subsp.ArizonaeE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Lysozyme is most effective against ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  gram-positive organisms
B)  archaea
C)  mycoplasmas
D)  cyanobacteria
E)  gram-negative organismsF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

The reference for bacterial descriptions and classifications is _____ Manual of Systematic Bacteriology.

Accepted Answer

A)  Leeuwenhoek's
B)  Lister's
C)  Koch's
D)  Bergey's
E)  Pasteur'sF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

The division of microbes termed the Mendosicutes have a cell wall type best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  lacking a cell wall
B)  archaeal
C)  gram-positive
D)  gram-negativeE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

The macromolecule containing alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)  and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)  chains cross-linked by short peptide fragments is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  lysozyme
B)  lipopolysaccharide
C)  mycolic acid
D)  peptidoglycan
E)  teichoic acidF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 9

A nutrient binds to receptors near the flagellar basal body.This will result in

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibition of flagella rotation.
B)  numerous tumbles.
C)  clockwise rotation of flagella.
D)  counterclockwise rotation of flagella.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  periplasmic flagella (axial filaments) 
B)  flagella
C)  fimbriae
D)  cilia
E)  piliF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Which of the following bacterial structures is incorrectly matched with a function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleoid - hereditary material
B)  Plasmids - contain genes essential for growth and metabolism
C)  Cytoplasm - dense, gelatinous solution
D)  Ribosomes - protein synthesis
E)  Inclusions - excess cell nutrients and materialsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Bacterial endospores are produced by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Entamoeba
B)  Bacillus
C)  Mycoplasma
D)  StaphylococcusE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 13

The cell envelope of gram-positive bacteria has two layers: a thick cell wall and the cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

If you observe rod-shaped, pink cells on a slide that had just been Gram stained, you can assume that their cell envelope contains endotoxin.
2-20-13

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The division of microbes termed the Firmicutes have a cell wall type best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  gram-positive
B)  archaeal
C)  lacking a cell wall
D)  gram-negativeE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

All of the following occur during endospore germination except

Accepted Answer

A)  the cell grows out of its protein coats.
B)  binding of a small organic molecule to initiate germination.
C)  dehydration of the cell components.
D)  enzymes digest the endospore cortex.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

You have made a smear of a bacterial culture and have performed the Gram stain on it.Looking at the organism under the microscope, you notice that the cells do not seem to be the dark blue-purple of a gram-positive reaction, but instead are light purple.Your staining procedure was performed correctly.What is your best explanation as to why the bacteria have stained this way?

Accepted Answer

A)  The bacteria were taken from an inappropriate medium, and a chemical is interfering with proper staining of the cells.
B)  There is something in the wall of the bacteria that has affected the uptake of the crystal violet into the cell wall, thereby staining it improperly.
C)  The specimen did not undergo heat fixation before staining; therefore, the primary dye does not stick properly to the wall.
D)  These are mutant bacteria which cannot be stained like other bacteria.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

A patient has a serious respiratory infection.A sputum sample yielded a bacterium that did not have any peptidoglycan.You hypothesize that the identity of this microbe could possibly be ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococcus pneumoniae
B)  Mycobacterium tuberculosis
C)   Borrelia burgdorferi
D)  Staphylococcus aureus
E)  Mycoplasma pneumoniaeF) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

You've just isolated a new bacterium in pure culture, and you culture it on a general purpose medium where its cells have a rod-shape (bacillus)  morphology.In addition to culturing it on solid media, you inoculate a slide to grow it as a biofilm.When you use confocal microscopy to image the biofilm, you observe that there are several cellular morphologies, ranging from coccus to coccobacillus to long bacillus.The best explanation for this observation is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the confocal microscope is out of adjustment.
B)  the biofilm is no longer a pure culture of the microbe.
C)  the biofilm culture was not incubated under the appropriate conditions.
D)  the microenvironments within a biofilm promote structural variation.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

You have found a mutant of Streptococcus pneumoniae that has lost the ability to produce a capsule.If you inject this strain into a population of healthy mice, what prediction can you make about the consequences?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mice will get a severe case of pneumonia and recover.
B)  The mice will remain healthy.
C)  The mice will die of pneumonia.
D)  The infection will respond to antiviral medication.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 4: Bacteria and Archaea

Lysozyme is most effective against ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The macromolecule containing alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) chains cross-linked by short peptide fragments is ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following bacteria is not closely related to the others?

Correct Answer
verified

You have found a mutant of Streptococcus pneumoniae that has lost the ability to produce a capsule.If you inject this strain into a population of healthy mice, what prediction can you make about the consequences?

Correct Answer
verified

A nutrient binds to receptors near the flagellar basal body.This will result in

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a phenotypic trait of bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

The division of microbes termed the Firmicutes have a cell wall type best described as ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following bacterial structures is incorrectly matched with a function?

Correct Answer
verified

A patient has a serious respiratory infection.A sputum sample yielded a bacterium that did not have any peptidoglycan.You hypothesize that the identity of this microbe could possibly be ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The cell envelope of gram-positive bacteria has two layers: a thick cell wall and the cell membrane.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Spirochetes are able to move due to ______.

Correct Answer
verified

If you observe rod-shaped, pink cells on a slide that had just been Gram stained, you can assume that their cell envelope contains endotoxin. 2-20-13

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following occur during endospore germination except

Correct Answer
verified

The division of microbes termed the Mendosicutes have a cell wall type best described as ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The reference for bacterial descriptions and classifications is _____ Manual of Systematic Bacteriology.

Correct Answer
verified

The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

An irregular cluster of spherical bacterial cells is termed ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Bacterial endospores are produced by ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Bacteria and Archaea

Lysozyme is most effective against ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The macromolecule containing alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) chains cross-linked by short peptide fragments is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following bacteria is not closely related to the others?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have found a mutant of Streptococcus pneumoniae that has lost the ability to produce a capsule.If you inject this strain into a population of healthy mice, what prediction can you make about the consequences?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A nutrient binds to receptors near the flagellar basal body.This will result in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a phenotypic trait of bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The division of microbes termed the Firmicutes have a cell wall type best described as ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following bacterial structures is incorrectly matched with a function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient has a serious respiratory infection.A sputum sample yielded a bacterium that did not have any peptidoglycan.You hypothesize that the identity of this microbe could possibly be ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cell envelope of gram-positive bacteria has two layers: a thick cell wall and the cell membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Spirochetes are able to move due to ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you observe rod-shaped, pink cells on a slide that had just been Gram stained, you can assume that their cell envelope contains endotoxin. 2-20-13

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following occur during endospore germination except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The division of microbes termed the Mendosicutes have a cell wall type best described as ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reference for bacterial descriptions and classifications is _____ Manual of Systematic Bacteriology.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An irregular cluster of spherical bacterial cells is termed ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacterial endospores are produced by ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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