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Exam 3: Classical School of Criminology Thought

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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The ______ is the predicted tendency of homicides to increase after an execution,particularly after high-profile executions.

A) excitatory effect
B) barbarity effect
C) brutalization effect
D) deterrent effect

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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verified

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Question 2

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The legal term for intent is known as actus reus.

A) True
B) False

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False

Question 3

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Cesare Beccaria states that,"The true measure of crimes is namely the harm done to society." Explain how this statement relates to his ideas concerning free will,the social contract,individual choice,utilitarianism,and Enlightenment ideals overall.

All the Enlightenment philosophers had one common belief: punishment.

Paradigms before the Enlightenment and contemporary times tended to focus on the human ability to choose one's own behavior and destiny.

The most important distinction of the Classical School theories is that they emphasize individual decision making regardless of any extraneous influences on a person's free will,such as the economy or bonding with society.

According to Hobbes,if a government does not punish those individuals that break their laws,what can happen?

The idea that laws should be more understandable for the public is related to what Enlightenment ideal?

Explain the idea of a social contract.Give an example of a liberty we give up in order to maintain acceptance of the social contract.

"The impression of pain may become so great that,filling the entire sensory capacity of the tortured person,it leaves him free only to choose what for the moment is the shortest way of escape from pain." Explain what Beccaria was saying in this quote.

Thomas Hobbes wrote:

In many ancient societies,what was the common response if an individual committed a criminal act?

According to the Classical School,why do some modern studies find crime to be influenced by a full moon?

Classical School theories emphasize individual decision-making regardless of ______.

All of the following are explanations given by Beccaria against the death penalty EXCEPT:

Some of the primitive theories of crime and delinquency accurately predicted who would commit offenses.

What is hedonistic calculus?

When an individual has ______,they are thought to be oblivious to many of the risks that may result from their behavior.

How is Classical theory different from Neoclassical theory?

Beccaria set the standard for most modern systems of justice in guaranteeing rights to defendants when he reformed certain practices by doing away with ______.