Question 1

The best defense against arboviruses is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   prophylactic rifampin
B)   prompt treatment with acyclovir
C)   vector control
D)   vaccinationE) B) and D)
F) B) and C) C

Question 2

As a child,you received the OPV vaccine and its boosters.Now you are going on a mission trip to Pakistan,and the vaccine is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.When you go to the health office for the vaccine,they give you the IPV vaccine.When you ask why you are receiving the IPV rather than the OPV,the personnel explain that

Accepted Answer

A)   there is no possibility of actually developing polio from this vaccine.
B)   IPV is used as a booster only, and OPV is used exclusively for children's first immunization.
C)   the IPV has fewer active viruses in it than the OPV, so it is safer.
D)   the IPV is preferred by patients because it can be taken orally.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Encephalitis caused by arboviruses involves the development of

Accepted Answer

A)   fever, headache, and rash.
B)   coma, convulsions, and paralysis in severe cases.
C)   myalgia and orbital pain.
D)   muscle aches and joint stiffness.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

In both botulism and tetanus,respiratory muscles cannot facilitate breathing and,if untreated,respiratory collapse leads to death.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Cryptococcus neoformans is a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   gram-positive bacterium
B)   prion
C)   fungus
D)   gram-negative bacteriumE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 6

In rabies,spasms of muscles for swallowing lead to a fear of water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 7

Treatment of an animal bite for possible rabies includes

Accepted Answer

A)   debridement.
B)   washing the bite with soap or detergent.
C)   infusing the wound with human rabies immune globulin (HRIG) .
D)   postexposure vaccination.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

A group of men make an annual week-long hunting trip for deer season in West Virginia.This year,they had to chase a family of squirrels out of the cabin,and during the week,they killed several deer and processed the meat,eating venison steaks most nights.All of the men had a few mosquito bites,and two cases of beer were consumed.The following week,they all developed symptoms of fever,headache,confusion,and seizures.Which of the following organisms can be ruled out as the cause of this encephalitis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Jamestown Canyon Virus
B)   JC Virus
C)   Powassan Virus
D)   Eastern Equine Encephalitis VirusE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Cerebrospinal fluid is found in the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   pia mater
B)   dura mater
C)   subarachnoid space
D)   arachnoid mater
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B) C

Question 10

Poliovirus initially multiplies in the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   lymphoid tissue
B)   central nervous system
C)   nasopharynx
D)   intestine
E)   basal gangliaF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 11

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by a prion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Production of a neurotoxin that prevents acetylcholine release from motor neurons at neuromuscular junctions is a characteristic of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   Clostridium botulinum
B)   Clostridium tetani
C)   Clostridium difficile
D)   Clostridium perfringensE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Which organism is a common cause of meningitis in AIDS patients and can be found in bird droppings?

Accepted Answer

A)   Listeria monocytogenes
B)   Neisseria meningitidis
C)   Cryptococcus neoformans
D)   Streptococcus agalactiae
E)   Haemophilus influenzaeF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

The preferred preventative measure for polio in the United States is the

Accepted Answer

A)   inactive vaccine developed by Jonas Salk.
B)   oral, active vaccine developed by Jonas Salk.
C)   inactive vaccine developed by Albert Sabin.
D)   oral, active vaccine developed by Albert Sabin.
E)   No preventative measures are used because polio has been eradicated in the United States.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 15

The gut-brain axis refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   changes in brain chemistry and behavior caused by the gut microbiota.
B)   neurons in the spinal cord that connect the gut and the brain.
C)   the location of dormant viruses that infect both the gut and the brain.
D)   pores in the blood-brain barrier that permit the passage of glucose and other nutrients.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following is caused by Haemophilus influenzae?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pharyngitis
B)   Tetanus
C)   Kuru
D)   Influenza (flu) 
E)   Bacterial meningitisF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following is not a prion disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
B)   Scrapie
C)   Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
D)   Subacute sclerosing panencephalitisE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Infectious diseases of the nervous system include those that affect the meninges only (meningitis) ,those that affect both the meninges and the brain (meningoencephalitis) ,and those that affect the brain only (encephalitis) .From the list below,identify the disease and its classification that is mismatched.

Accepted Answer

A)   African sleeping sickness; encephalitis
B)   La Crosse Virus infection; encephalitis
C)   Naegleria fowleri infection; meningoencephalitis
D)   polio; meningitis
E)   Valley Fever; meningitisF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 19

Patients with Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease live ______ post diagnosis.

Accepted Answer

A)   less than 1 year
B)   1 to 5 years
C)   5 to 10 years
D)   10 to 20 years
E)   greater than 25 yearsF) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 20

Arthrospores of Coccidioides immitis develop into ______ that will release endospores into the lungs.

Accepted Answer

A)   capsules
B)   hyphae
C)   capsids
D)   spherules
E)   budsF) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Exam 19: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

The best defense against arboviruses is ______.

Correct Answer
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C

Correct Answer
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Encephalitis caused by arboviruses involves the development of

Correct Answer
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In both botulism and tetanus,respiratory muscles cannot facilitate breathing and,if untreated,respiratory collapse leads to death.

Correct Answer
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Cryptococcus neoformans is a ______.

Correct Answer
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In rabies,spasms of muscles for swallowing lead to a fear of water.

Correct Answer
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True

Treatment of an animal bite for possible rabies includes

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Cerebrospinal fluid is found in the ______.

Correct Answer
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C

Poliovirus initially multiplies in the ______.

Correct Answer
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Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by a prion.

Correct Answer
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Production of a neurotoxin that prevents acetylcholine release from motor neurons at neuromuscular junctions is a characteristic of ______.

Correct Answer
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Which organism is a common cause of meningitis in AIDS patients and can be found in bird droppings?

Correct Answer
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The preferred preventative measure for polio in the United States is the

Correct Answer
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The gut-brain axis refers to

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is caused by Haemophilus influenzae?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is not a prion disease?

Correct Answer
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Patients with Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease live ______ post diagnosis.

Correct Answer
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Arthrospores of Coccidioides immitis develop into ______ that will release endospores into the lungs.

Correct Answer
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Exam 19: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

The best defense against arboviruses is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Encephalitis caused by arboviruses involves the development of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In both botulism and tetanus,respiratory muscles cannot facilitate breathing and,if untreated,respiratory collapse leads to death.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cryptococcus neoformans is a ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In rabies,spasms of muscles for swallowing lead to a fear of water.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Treatment of an animal bite for possible rabies includes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cerebrospinal fluid is found in the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Poliovirus initially multiplies in the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by a prion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Production of a neurotoxin that prevents acetylcholine release from motor neurons at neuromuscular junctions is a characteristic of ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organism is a common cause of meningitis in AIDS patients and can be found in bird droppings?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The preferred preventative measure for polio in the United States is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gut-brain axis refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is caused by Haemophilus influenzae?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a prion disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Patients with Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease live ______ post diagnosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Arthrospores of Coccidioides immitis develop into ______ that will release endospores into the lungs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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True

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C

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