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Exam 8: Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

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Question 31

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following is not part of the step that occurs between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?

A) Reduction of NAD+
B) Coenzyme A attaches to an acetyl group
C) Oxidation of pyruvic acid
D) Pyruvic acid accepts electrons from NADH

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Question 32

Multiple Choice

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FAD,NADP,NAD,and coenzyme A are all carriers of ________.

A) hydrogens
B) electrons
C) ATP
D) Both hydrogens and electrons are correct.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Question 33

True/False

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During the Calvin cycle,carbon dioxide gas is fixed into a solid,organic form; this is an endergonic process driven by ATP generated from aerobic respiration.

In which pathway is the most NADH generated?

Your bacterium is growing on a type of medium called casein agar,which contains milk protein (casein) .There is a clear zone around the growth area of the bacterium,showing that it is synthesizing the enzymes needed to catalyze the breakdown of casein.These enzymes are considered ______.

All organisms that are photosynthetic are oxygenic.

The term used to describe all of the chemical reactions within a cell is ______.

The redox carriers of the electron transport system that have a tightly bound metal atom responsible for accepting and donating electrons are ______.

The most likely place where an exoenzyme participates in a chemical reaction is ______.

As the electron transport carriers shuttle electrons,they actively pump _____ into the outer membrane compartment,setting up a concentration gradient called the proton motive force.

Sulfa drugs like Bactrim,given for bacterial infections,inhibit bacteria by blocking folic acid synthesis.The precursor molecule of folic acid is para-amino benzoic acid (PABA) .Interestingly,PABA has a structure very similar to a sulfa drug.If a sulfa drug is present,the bacterial enzyme will bind the sulfa drug because of structural similarity.This is an example of ______.

In addition to electrons,which of the following is also involved in electron transfer?

Which of the following characterize the Calvin cycle?

Mixed acid fermentation

The step involving ATP,hexokinase,and the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate is

Hydrolysis reactions are catabolic reactions that use water to split the reactant into smaller subunits.

Anabolic reactions that involve ligases and release water molecules when bonds are formed are called ______ reactions.

The bacterial genus Bacillus can utilize starch as a nutrient by splitting the starch molecule into smaller molecules of glucose with the addition of water.The enzymes to do this would be classified as ______.

The majority of NADH is produced in ______.

Recently discovered bacteria that inhabit the ocean floor undergo photosynthesis using light from chemical reactions,the breaking of mineral crystals,or from bubble formation.