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Choice architecture can:


A) alter actual decisions and thus the ultimate outcomes.
B) make it easier for people to make choices that will make them happier in the long run.
C) help people make better choices without eliminating free choice.
D) All of these statements are true.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A store is choosing between advertising a credit card fee or a discount for paying cash to its customers.More customers are likely to pay cash if the store owner advertises:


A) the credit card fee.
B) the discount for paying cash.
C) either one; since it's the same outcome, people won't care one way or another.
D) neither one; since people are not likely to pay cash more regardless of how it's advertised.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Jessica's workplace is collecting money for a lottery pool.Each employee can choose to contribute $50,with a 1 in 600,000 chance of winning $1 million.If Jessica chooses not to contribute to the lottery pool,she is probably experiencing:


A) positive framing.
B) the endowment effect.
C) loss aversion.
D) status quo bias.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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If someone asked you to predict the price of gas in a month,and you decided to just guess by adding a few cents to the current price of gas,which you know,your answer would exhibit:


A) anchoring.
B) time inconsistency.
C) rational expectations.
D) transitivity.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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A store is choosing between advertising a credit card fee or a discount for paying cash to its customers.People will care more about:


A) getting the discount rather than avoiding the fee.
B) avoiding the fee rather than getting the discount.
C) neither; since it's the same outcome, people won't care one way or another.
D) It is impossible to say without more information.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The most common form of "forced savings" in the U.S.is:


A) Social Security.
B) FICA.
C) unemployment insurance.
D) Medicare.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Commitment devices are:


A) mechanisms that allow people to voluntarily restrict their choices in order to make it easier to stick to plans.
B) socially institutionalized practices that signal a particular commitment has been made by a person.
C) policies that force participants to choose their future commitments.
D) None of these statements is true.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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If choice architects frame choices in terms of social norms people will:


A) behave with the majority.
B) be unaffected by what the majority is doing.
C) behave in the opposite way, because "going rogue" is celebrated in our culture.
D) behave according to how they view that norm.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The term time inconsistency is used to describe:


A) a situation in which we regret choices we make simply because of when we made the choice.
B) a situation in which we change our minds about what we want simply because of the timing of the decision.
C) people's inability to correctly predict how their current choices will affect them in the future.
D) people's inability to make choices today that determine their actions in the future.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The average person is more likely to make a mistake choosing ___________ than what to have for dinner due to the complex nature of the topic.


A) how to save for retirement
B) which college to attend
C) which type of health plan to choose
D) All of these statements are true.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Choice architecture focuses on such factors as:


A) the timing of choices.
B) how different options are described.
C) Both A and B are true.
D) Neither A nor B is true.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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In the arena of decision making,the choice that will automatically take place if the chooser fails to make an active decision is called the:


A) processing option.
B) default option.
C) choice option.
D) auto option.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Status-quo bias is:


A) a type of mental barrier to saving.
B) when people actively make decisions to change something, even if it is fairly difficult to do so.
C) not overcome in the SMarT program because saving is the default option.
D) when people have a negative view on the status quo.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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When considering choice architecture,a nudge:


A) is a gentle push in a particular direction.
B) does not take away any options.
C) allows anyone who wants to go in a different direction to do so.
D) All of these statements are true.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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