Question 1

If a structure has no apparent function in one species,yet is homologous to a functional organ in another species,this structure is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous.
B)  homologous.
C)  homeotiC.
D)  vestigial.
E)  heterologous.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

The fossil record is often incomplete,in part because scientists will never be able to discover some of the fossils that are buried deep in the earth and in part because some living things fossilize more readily than others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Data from embyros can be used to help establish evolutionary relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The wings of a bat and a bird are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous structures.
B)  homologous structures.
C)  vestigial structures.
D)  homeotic structures.
E)  heterologous structures.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

In the section "Investigating Life: Evolving Backwards," what is the significance of Najash rionegrina,an extinct,land-dwelling species of snake with functional legs,pelvis,and sacrum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Has a common ancestor to modern-day snakes,but placed in a derived group
B)  Has the same anatomical organization as modern-day snakes
C)  Is an ancestor to modern-day snakes,but has different anatomical organization than modern-day snakes
D)  Is an ancestor to modern-day snakes and has same anatomical organization as modern-day snakes
E)  Is an outgroup unrelated to modern-day snakesF) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 6

The abundant remains of ammonites in Oklahoma indicate that Oklahoma was

Accepted Answer

A)  once a vast desert with almost no rainfall.
B)  once part of a mountain range that has now eroded.
C)  once covered by a shallow ocean.
D)  once part of a vast tropical forest.
E)  always a grassland.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

If similarities between two structures in different organisms reflect independent evolution,these structures are

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous.
B)  vestigial.
C)  homologous.
D)  homeotic.
E)  heterologous.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 8

A gene that when mutated leads to organisms with structures in abnormal places is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  parsimonious.
B)  homeotic.
C)  homologous.
D)  vestigial.
E)  dominant.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

If you were looking for a time line of Earth's history,you would need one spanning about 4.6 billion years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Relative dating uses ______ to estimate how old a fossil is.

Accepted Answer

A)  radioactive isotopes
B)  a molecular clock
C)  structural features
D)  depth within rock layers
E)  embryonic structuresF) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Amphibians,birds,and mammals look the most similar as

Accepted Answer

A)  newborns.
B)  embryos.
C)  adults.
D)  fossils.
E)  juveniles.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Evolution occurs in

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals.
B)  communities.
C)  species.
D)  genotypes.
E)  alleles.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

Why do different mutations accumulate in two species once they diverge?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can no longer mate and exchange mutated genes.
B)  The molecular clock runs at different speeds in different species.
C)  Convergent evolution causes the difference in mutations.
D)  All answers are correct.
E)  Natural selection favors mutations in one species over another.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

Potassium-40 is useful in determining the age of a fossil in samples

Accepted Answer

A)  less than 25,000 years of age.
B)  of 40,000 to 50,000 years of age.
C)  300,000 years of age and older.
D)  aged between 50,000 and 100,000 years of age.
E)  aged between 100,000 years and 250,000 years.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C) C

Question 15

A fossil is defined as any evidence of an organism from at least

Accepted Answer

A)  500 years ago.
B)  1000 years ago.
C)  25,000 years ago.
D)  10,000 years ago.
E)  100,000 years ago.F) A) and D)
G) All of the above D

Question 16

The femur in a snake and pelvis in a whale are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  homologous structures.
B)  analogous structures.
C)  homeotic structures.
D)  vestigial structures.
E)  heterologous structures.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E) D

Question 17

Marsupials are mammals that

Accepted Answer

A)  lay eggs.
B)  do not give live birth.
C)  have evolved recently.
D)  carry their young in a pouch.
E)  breathe through gills.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 18

If many human genes differ in about 10% of their bases from another species' same genes and substitutions occur at an estimated rate of 2% per one million years,approximately how many years have passed since the two species diverged?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 million.
B)  3 million.
C)  10 million.
D)  20 million.
E)  200,000.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 19

The Cretaceous and Jurassic periods are part of the

Accepted Answer

A)  Mesozoic erA.
B)  Archean era.
C)  Proterozoic era.
D)  Cenozoic era.
E)  Paleozoic era.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 20

The fossil record indicates that at one time marsupials were common to both Australia and South America,but today most South American marsupials have become extinct.The most probable explanation for marsupials being common to Australia yet not very common to South America today is that

Accepted Answer

A)  South American marsupials were displaced by placental mammals when a land bridge formed between North America and South America about seven million years ago.
B)  marsupials were able to flourish in South America because of its isolation from other land masses.
C)  placental mammals are less fully developed than marsupials when born and therefore have a better chance of survival after birth.
D)  South American and Australian marsupials interbreD.
E)  marsupials can survive only in warm climates like Australia.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Exam 13: Evidence of Evolution

If a structure has no apparent function in one species,yet is homologous to a functional organ in another species,this structure is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fossil record is often incomplete,in part because scientists will never be able to discover some of the fossils that are buried deep in the earth and in part because some living things fossilize more readily than others.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Data from embyros can be used to help establish evolutionary relationships.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The wings of a bat and a bird are examples of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the section "Investigating Life: Evolving Backwards," what is the significance of Najash rionegrina,an extinct,land-dwelling species of snake with functional legs,pelvis,and sacrum?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The abundant remains of ammonites in Oklahoma indicate that Oklahoma was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If similarities between two structures in different organisms reflect independent evolution,these structures are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A gene that when mutated leads to organisms with structures in abnormal places is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were looking for a time line of Earth's history,you would need one spanning about 4.6 billion years.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Relative dating uses ______ to estimate how old a fossil is.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amphibians,birds,and mammals look the most similar as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolution occurs in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do different mutations accumulate in two species once they diverge?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Potassium-40 is useful in determining the age of a fossil in samples

Correct AnswerverifiedC

A fossil is defined as any evidence of an organism from at least

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The femur in a snake and pelvis in a whale are examples of

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Marsupials are mammals that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If many human genes differ in about 10% of their bases from another species' same genes and substitutions occur at an estimated rate of 2% per one million years,approximately how many years have passed since the two species diverged?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Cretaceous and Jurassic periods are part of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fossil record indicates that at one time marsupials were common to both Australia and South America,but today most South American marsupials have become extinct.The most probable explanation for marsupials being common to Australia yet not very common to South America today is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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