Question 1

The French naturalist who in 1749 became one of the first scientists to suggest that closely related species arose from a common ancestor and were changing was

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Darwin.
B)  Georges Buffon.
C)  James Hutton.
D)  Georges Cuvier.
E)  Charles Lyell.F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 2

In an evolutionary sense,"fitness" refers to an organism's contribution to the next generation's gene pool.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Historically fishermen kept larger fish and left smaller juvenile fish.Over time the average size of the fish would

Accepted Answer

A)  increase by natural selection.
B)  decrease by genetic drift.
C)  decrease by natural selection.
D)  increase by genetic drift.
E)  remain unchanged.F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 4

Ancestors of giraffes with shorter necks could not reach branches high up in trees for food.This led to ____ for giraffes with longer necks.

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilizing selection
B)  disruptive selection
C)  artificial selection
D)  sexual selection
E)  directional selectionF) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

Ancestors of the Galapagos finches had two different types of seeds to eat on some islands.Some seeds were very small,and required small beaks to handle.Other seeds were very large and required large strong beaks to crack.This led to ____ among the Galapagos finches.

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection
B)  stabilizing selection
C)  disruptive selection
D)  artificial selection
E)  sexual selectionF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Farmers and horticulturalists bred broccoli,cauliflower,kale,and cabbage from the wild mustard plant through

Accepted Answer

A)  artificial selection.
B)  evolution.
C)  genetic drift.
D)  natural selection.
E)  sexual selection.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

Darwin obtained which of the following in the Essay on the Principle of Population by Malthus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Organisms are varied and some variations are inherited.
B)  Populations grow constantly.
C)  An individual's chance of survival is random.
D)  Species do not change over time.
E)  More individuals of a population are born than survive to reproducE.F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 8

The mode of natural selection in which two or more extreme phenotypes are fitter than the intermediate phenotype is

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection.
B)  stabilizing selection.
C)  disruptive selection.
D)  artificial selection.
E)  uniformitarianism.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 9

An organism's phenotype is

Accepted Answer

A)  the action of single genes.
B)  its observable properties.
C)  not influenced by environment.
D)  determined by traits acquired over the life of the organism.
E)  All answers are correct.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

Artificial selection is responsible for many breeds of dogs and cats.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The chance that a mutation will occur is independent of whether a new phenotype will benefit a population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium will not occur in a population in which

Accepted Answer

A)  mutations do not occur.
B)  individuals mate at random.
C)  natural selection does not occur.
D)  individuals immigrate or emigrate.
E)  sexual selection does not occur.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

The mode of natural selection in which extreme phenotypes are less fit than the optimal intermediate phenotype is

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection.
B)  disruptive selection.
C)  stabilizing selection.
D)  artificial selection.
E)  uniformitarianism.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

If you observed that red sea turtles became more common over time in a previously all-green population,the reason could be a selective advantge for the red phenotype,leading to a change in allele frequency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Today,40% of hospital Staphylococcus infections are resistant to all antibiotics except one.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Genetic change in a population through multiple generations defines which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  heredity
B)  mitosis
C)  phenotype
D)  evolution
E)  genotypeF) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

Evolution occurs

Accepted Answer

A)  over generations.
B)  during one lifetime.
C)  at birth of an organism.
D)  when a mutation occurs.
E)  All answers are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Evolution answers the question of how life began.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

An allele that causes defects in limb formation in frogs could be kept in a population if selected for in heterozygotes which were resistant to parasite infections in their limbs,due to that allele.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

When looking at the effect of fishing on average fish size over time,what hypothesis were the researchers testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Harvesting larger fish would increase the size of fish in future generations.
B)  Harvesting fish randomly would decrease the size of fish in future generations.
C)  Harvesting larger fish would decrease the size of fish in future generations.
D)  Harvesting fish randomly would increase the size of fish in future generations.
E)  Slot limits would decrease the size of fish in future generations.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Exam 12: Forces of Evolutionary Change

Ancestors of the Galapagos finches had two different types of seeds to eat on some islands.Some seeds were very small,and required small beaks to handle.Other seeds were very large and required large strong beaks to crack.This led to ____ among the Galapagos finches.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darwin obtained which of the following in the Essay on the Principle of Population by Malthus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolution occurs

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic change in a population through multiple generations defines which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Today,40% of hospital Staphylococcus infections are resistant to all antibiotics except one.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Artificial selection is responsible for many breeds of dogs and cats.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An organism's phenotype is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mode of natural selection in which two or more extreme phenotypes are fitter than the intermediate phenotype is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolution answers the question of how life began.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mode of natural selection in which extreme phenotypes are less fit than the optimal intermediate phenotype is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chance that a mutation will occur is independent of whether a new phenotype will benefit a population.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The French naturalist who in 1749 became one of the first scientists to suggest that closely related species arose from a common ancestor and were changing was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An allele that causes defects in limb formation in frogs could be kept in a population if selected for in heterozygotes which were resistant to parasite infections in their limbs,due to that allele.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Farmers and horticulturalists bred broccoli,cauliflower,kale,and cabbage from the wild mustard plant through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you observed that red sea turtles became more common over time in a previously all-green population,the reason could be a selective advantge for the red phenotype,leading to a change in allele frequency.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When looking at the effect of fishing on average fish size over time,what hypothesis were the researchers testing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium will not occur in a population in which

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ancestors of giraffes with shorter necks could not reach branches high up in trees for food.This led to ____ for giraffes with longer necks.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an evolutionary sense,"fitness" refers to an organism's contribution to the next generation's gene pool.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Historically fishermen kept larger fish and left smaller juvenile fish.Over time the average size of the fish would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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