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You expect the inflation rate to be 2.9 percent and the U.S. Treasury bill yield to be 3.7 percent for the next year. The risk premium on small-company stocks is 12.6 percent. What nominal rate of return do you expect to earn on small-company stocks next year?


A) 15.5 percent
B) 16.3 percent
C) 16.8 percent
D) 9.2 percent
E) 9.7 percent

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which one of the following is defined as a bell-shaped frequency distribution that is defined by its average and its standard deviation?


A) Arithmetic average return
B) Variance
C) Standard deviation
D) Probability curve
E) Normal distribution

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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What is the probability associated with a return that lies in the upper tail when the mean plus two standard deviations is graphed?


A) 0.05 percent
B) 0.5 percent
C) 1.0 percent
D) 2.5 percent
E) 5.0 percent

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Last year, Thomas invested $38,000 in Oil Town stock, $11,000 in long-term government bonds, and $8,000 in U.S. Treasury bills. Over the course of the year, he earned returns of 12.1 percent, 6.3 percent, and 3.9 percent, respectively. What was the nominal risk premium on Oil Town's stock for the year?


A) 1.9 percent
B) 4.7 percent
C) 5.8 percent
D) 7.6 percent
E) 8.2 percent

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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You earned 26.3 percent on your investments for a time period when the risk-free rate was 3.8 percent and the inflation rate was 3.1 percent. What was your real rate of return for the period?


A) 19.92 percent
B) 20.06 percent
C) 22.50 percent
D) 21.67 percent
E) 21.08 percent

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Katie earned a 2.7 percent real rate of return on her investments for the past year. During that time, the risk-free rate was 4.1 percent and the inflation rate was 3.6 percent. What was her nominal rate of return?


A) 5.30 percent
B) 5.87 percent
C) 6.40 percent
D) 6.67 percent
E) 6.91 percent

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Which one of the following is the most apt to have the largest risk premium in the future based on the historical record for 1926-2008?


A) U.S. Treasury bills
B) Large-company stocks
C) Long-term government debt
D) Small-company stocks
E) Long-term corporate debt

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Which one of the following is defined as the average compound return earned per year over a multiyear period?


A) Geometric average return
B) Variance of returns
C) Standard deviation of returns
D) Arithmetic average return
E) Normal distribution of returns

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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The average risk premium on long-term government bonds for the period 1926-2008 was equal to:


A) zero.
B) one percent.
C) the rate of return on the bonds plus the corporate bond rate.
D) the rate of return on the bonds minus the T-bill rate.
E) the rate of return on the bonds minus the inflation rate.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Which one of the following statements is correct?


A) The risk-free rate of return has a risk premium of 1.0.
B) The reward for bearing risk is called the standard deviation.
C) Risks and expected return are inversely related.
D) The higher the expected rate of return, the wider the distribution of returns.
E) Risk premiums are inversely related to the standard deviation of returns.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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When, if ever, will the geometric average return exceed the arithmetic average return for a given set of returns?


A) When the set of returns includes only risk-free rates.
B) When the set of returns has a wide frequency distribution.
C) When the set of returns has a very narrow frequency distribution.
D) When all of the rates of return in the set of returns are equal to each other.
E) Never

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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Over the period of 1926-2008:


A) the risk premium on large-company stocks was greater than the risk premium on small- company stocks.
B) U.S. Treasury bills had a risk premium that was just slightly over 2 percent.
C) the risk premium on long-term government bonds was zero percent.
D) the risk premium on stocks exceeded the risk premium on bonds.
E) U. S. Treasury bills had a negative risk premium.

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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Investors require a 4 percent return on risk-free investments. On a particular risky investment, investors require an excess return of 7 percent in addition to the risk-free rate of 4 percent. What is this excess return called?


A) Inflation premium
B) Required return
C) Real return
D) Average return
E) Risk premium

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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Over the last four years, a stock has had an arithmetic average return of 8.8 percent. Three of those four years produced returns of 16.3 percent, 10.2 percent, and -14.1 percent. What is the geometric average return for this 4-year period?


A) 7.83 percent
B) 8.39 percent
C) 8.67 percent
D) 9.40 percent
E) 9.97 percent

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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A stock has produced returns of 11 percent, 18 percent, -6 percent, -13 percent, and 21 percent for the past five years, respectively. What is the standard deviation of these returns?


A) 7.75 percent
B) 8.87 percent
C) 9.23 percent
D) 14.99 percent
E) 16.64 percent

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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According to the Efficient Market Hypothesis, professional investors will earn:


A) excess profits over the long-term.
B) excess profits, but only on short-term investments.
C) a dollar return equal to the value paid for an investment.
D) a return that cannot be accurately predicted because investments are subject to the random movements of the markets.
E) a return that "beats the market".

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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Assume large-company stocks returned 11.8 percent on average over the past 75 years. The risk premium on these stocks was 7.9 percent and the inflation rate was 3.2 percent. What was the average nominal risk-free rate of return for those 75 years?


A) 3.90 percent
B) 9.27 percent
C) 4.26 percent
D) 8.33 percent
E) 8.60 percent

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Percentage returns: I. are easy to understand. II) relay information about a security more easily than dollar returns do. III) are not affected by the amount of the investment. IV) can be easily separated into dividend yield and capital gain yield.


A) II and III only
B) I and III only
C) I, II, and III only
D) I, II, and IV only
E) I, II, III, and IV

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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A security produced returns of 12 percent, -11 percent, -2 percent, 15 percent, and 9 percent over the past five years, respectively. Based on these five years, what is the probability that an investor in this stock will lose more than 17.06 percent in any one given year?


A) 0.50 percent
B) 1.00 percent
C) 1.25 percent
D) 2.50 percent
E) 5.00 percent

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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The period 1926-2008 illustrates that U.S. Treasury bills:


A) outperform inflation by approximately 1 percent every year.
B) have a zero standard deviation.
C) can either outperform or underperform inflation on an annual basis.
D) produce a rate of return roughly equivalent to the rate of return on long-term government bonds.
E) routinely have negative annual returns.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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