Question 1

ADH increases reabsorption of water from urine into blood by increasing the permeability of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Podocytes and pedicels are part of the

Accepted Answer

A)   collecting duct.
B)   distal convoluted tubule.
C)   glomerular capsule.
D)   peritubular capillaries.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 3

The triangular area on the internal floor of the urinary bladder is the ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The triangular area on the internal floor...

Question 4

At rest, the kidneys receive about a quarter of the blood coming from the heart.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 5

Glomerular filtration produces about 18 liters of fluid formed in twenty-four hours.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Hemodialysis involves

Accepted Answer

A)   an artificial kidney.
B)   an artificial liver.
C)   a kidney transplant.
D)   a bone marrow transplant.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Kidney stones are least likely to be composed of

Accepted Answer

A)   uric acid.
B)   calcium oxalate.
C)   cholesterol.
D)   magnesium phosphate.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Autoregulation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   maintaining constant GFR.
B)   secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide at a constant rate.
C)   secretion of renin at a constant rate.
D)   actions of the parasympathetic nervous system.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

The relative concentration of potassium is

Accepted Answer

A)   higher in urine than in plasma or glomerular filtrate.
B)   higher in plasma and glomerular filtrate than in urine.
C)   about equal in plasma, glomerular filtrate, and urine.
D)   lower in urine than in plasma or glomerular filtrate.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following does not occur with aging of the urinary system?

Accepted Answer

A)   Decreased GFR
B)   Renal tubules become encased in fat
C)   Fibrous connective tissue accumulates around the kidney capsule
D)   Nephrons invertE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Active transport mechanisms have limited transport capacities because the renal tubule is not very permeable to molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The ureter extends downward

Accepted Answer

A)   behind the parietal peritoneum and joins the urinary bladder from above.
B)   behind the parietal peritoneum and joins the urinary bladder from below.
C)   in front of the parietal peritoneum and joins the urinary bladder from above.
D)   in front of the parietal peritoneum and joins the urinary bladder from below.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

If a ureter is obstructed, a _____ reflex reduces urine production in the kidney on the affected side.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a ureter is obstructed, a _____...

Question 14

Which of the following is correct concerning the location of the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)   The right kidney is usually higher than the left one.
B)   They are located behind the parietal peritoneum.
C)   Their upper borders are about at the level of the third lumbar vertebra.
D)   They are against the anterior wall of the abdominal cavity.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D) B

Question 15

If the osmotic pressure of the blood plasma is decreased, the glomerular filtration rate is increased.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which choice describes the countercurrent mechanism of the nephron loop?

Accepted Answer

A)   Water moves out of the ascending limb; sodium moves in the ascending limb
B)   Water moves in the ascending limb; sodium moves out of the ascending limb
C)   Water moves out of the descending limb; sodium moves out of the ascending limb
D)   Water moves in the descending limb; sodium moves out of the descending limbE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Michael is 26 years old. He becomes dehydrated after a long run if he has not drunk enough. His infant son Sean, however, becomes dehydrated fairly frequently. This difference in susceptibility to dehydration is because

Accepted Answer

A)   adults drink more liquid.
B)   infants grow rapidly.
C)   infant kidneys are less able to conserve water.
D)   the infant thirst mechanism is underdeveloped.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

If glucose is not reabsorbed in the tubular fluid, ___________ increases.

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrostatic pressure
B)   glomerular filtration rate
C)   sodium reabsorption
D)   the osmotic pressureE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 19

A renal clearance test determines the rate at which the kidneys can

Accepted Answer

A)   excrete water.
B)   reabsorb ions.
C)   remove a particular substance from the blood.
D)   add a substance to the blood.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Inulin and para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) can be used to determine glomerular filtration rate and the rate of blood flow through the kidneys, respectively.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 20: Urinary System

ADH increases reabsorption of water from urine into blood by increasing the permeability of the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Podocytes and pedicels are part of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The triangular area on the internal floor of the urinary bladder is the ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At rest, the kidneys receive about a quarter of the blood coming from the heart.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Glomerular filtration produces about 18 liters of fluid formed in twenty-four hours.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hemodialysis involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kidney stones are least likely to be composed of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Autoregulation refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The relative concentration of potassium is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not occur with aging of the urinary system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Active transport mechanisms have limited transport capacities because the renal tubule is not very permeable to molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ureter extends downward

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a ureter is obstructed, a _____ reflex reduces urine production in the kidney on the affected side.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is correct concerning the location of the kidneys?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

If the osmotic pressure of the blood plasma is decreased, the glomerular filtration rate is increased.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which choice describes the countercurrent mechanism of the nephron loop?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Michael is 26 years old. He becomes dehydrated after a long run if he has not drunk enough. His infant son Sean, however, becomes dehydrated fairly frequently. This difference in susceptibility to dehydration is because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If glucose is not reabsorbed in the tubular fluid, ___________ increases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A renal clearance test determines the rate at which the kidneys can

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inulin and para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) can be used to determine glomerular filtration rate and the rate of blood flow through the kidneys, respectively.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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True

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B

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