Question 1

Eutrophication

Accepted Answer

A)  is characterized by heavy surface algal blooms.
B)  can block the O2 supply to the lake.
C)  occurs when there are excess nutrients in aquatic ecosystems.
D)  causes massive die-off of fish and invertebrates.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

You have been using massive amounts of weed killer and insecticide chemicals to knock out all of those pesky weeds in your yard,as well as the grubs and aphids that are munching on your roses and your grass.What effect might this have from a microbiological standpoint?

Accepted Answer

A)  Loss of microbial diversity in the soil.
B)  Reduction in microbial numbers in the soil.
C)  Damage to the nitrogen fixing bacteria.
D)  Damage to the mycorrhizae.
E)  All of the above.F) None of the above
G) A) and E) E

Question 3

Vast numbers of microorganisms are being genetically characterized without culturing them in the laboratory today through

Accepted Answer

A)  column chromatography.
B)  gas chromatography.
C)  metagenomic sampling.
D)  Western blot analysis.
E)  ELISA assay.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Which of the following is incorrect about photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The light-dependent reactions require chlorophyll and light energy.
B)  In oxygenic photosynthesis,photolysis is the source of O2.
C)  The light-independent reactions produce ATP and NADPH.
D)  CO2 is required in the light-independent reactions.
E)  Photosynthetic pigments function to absorb light.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 5

The correct sequence of events involved in nitrogen cycling is:

Accepted Answer

A)  denitrification,nitrogen fixation,nitrification
B)  nitrogen fixation,nitrification,denitrification
C)  denitrification,nitrification,denitrification
D)  nitrification,denitirification,nitrogen fixationE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

The primary role of producers is the recycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which microorganism is considered phytoplankton?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen fixing bacteria
B)  cyanobacteria
C)  sulfur reducers
D)  mycorrhizaeE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

The oxidation of ammonia (NH4+) to nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) is called

Accepted Answer

A)  ammonification.
B)  nitrogen fixation.
C)  photosynthesis.
D)  nitrification.
E)  denitrification.F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

A collection of organisms,together with their physical and chemical factors,are called a/an

Accepted Answer

A)  atmosphere.
B)  biosphere.
C)  lithosphere.
D)  hydrosphere.
E)  ecosystem.F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

How are the sulfur cycle and the phosphate cycle interconnected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphate is released from rock and soil by sulfuric acid.
B)  Phosphate is the nutrient source used by sulfur oxidizers.
C)  Sulfite is the nutrient used by phosphate reducers.
D)  Sulphate and phosphate react together to produce amino acids for protein production.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Both energy and nutrients cycle through an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The thin envelope of life that surrounds the earth's surface is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  atmosphere.
B)  biosphere.
C)  lithosphere.
D)  hydrosphere.
E)  ecosystem.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 13

A group of organisms of the same species within a community is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  niche.
B)  habitat.
C)  population.
D)  community.
E)  biome.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

The mutualistic partnership between plant roots and microbes is

Accepted Answer

A)  hyphae.
B)  basidia.
C)  mycorrhizae.
D)  rhizopods.
E)  lichens.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is true of water-saturated soils?

Accepted Answer

A)  provide gases for soil microbes
B)  contain aerobic and facultative organisms
C)  contain anaerobes
D)  have a high oxygen content
E)  have a low carbon dioxide contentF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

A Paramecium is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  primary consumer.
B)  quaternary consumer.
C)  secondary consumer.
D)  primary producer.
E)  tertiary consumer.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C) A

Question 17

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is

Accepted Answer

A)  removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis.
B)  a source of carbon.
C)  returned to the atmosphere during respiration and fermentation.
D)  used by marine organisms to make limestone for their hard shells.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

There are no viruses that infect the Archaea located in hypersaline habitats.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The advantage of nitrogen fixation to the host plant is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the production of DNA and RNA nucleotides required for nucleic acids.
B)  the ability to use nitrogen gas instead of oxygen gas in cell respiration,particularly when the soil is compacted.
C)  the production of antibiotics which then protects the plant against pathogenic bacteria in the soil.
D)  the ability to synthesize amino acids and proteins from the ammonia produced from nitrogen fixation.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above D

Question 20

Select the statement that explains the usefulness of metagenomic analysis in research today.

Accepted Answer

A)  It evaluates microbial diversity in a habitat.
B)  It allows the identification of unculturable microorganisms.
C)  It detects the abundance of microorganisms in an environment.
D)  All of the above.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Exam 24: Microbes and the Environment

Eutrophication

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have been using massive amounts of weed killer and insecticide chemicals to knock out all of those pesky weeds in your yard,as well as the grubs and aphids that are munching on your roses and your grass.What effect might this have from a microbiological standpoint?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Vast numbers of microorganisms are being genetically characterized without culturing them in the laboratory today through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is incorrect about photosynthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The correct sequence of events involved in nitrogen cycling is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary role of producers is the recycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which microorganism is considered phytoplankton?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The oxidation of ammonia (NH4+) to nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A collection of organisms,together with their physical and chemical factors,are called a/an

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How are the sulfur cycle and the phosphate cycle interconnected?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both energy and nutrients cycle through an ecosystem.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The thin envelope of life that surrounds the earth's surface is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A group of organisms of the same species within a community is called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mutualistic partnership between plant roots and microbes is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of water-saturated soils?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A Paramecium is an example of a

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are no viruses that infect the Archaea located in hypersaline habitats.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The advantage of nitrogen fixation to the host plant is:

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Select the statement that explains the usefulness of metagenomic analysis in research today.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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E

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The oxidation of ammonia (NH₄⁺) to nitrate (NO₃^-) and nitrite (NO₂^-) is called

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A

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is

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D

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