Question 1

All of the following pertain to tuberculosis except

Accepted Answer

A)  live bacilli can remain dormant in the lungs and reactivate later in life.
B)  symptoms of active TB include low-grade fever,coughing,fatigue,weight loss,and night sweats.
C)  lung infection can disseminate to many other organs in extrapulmonary TB.
D)  the BCG vaccine is used in other countries.
E)  antimicrobials cannot treat and cure tuberculosis.F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 2

The vaccine for immunity to Haemophilus influenzae serotype b is

Accepted Answer

A)  DTaP.
B)  Pneumovax.
C)  MMR.
D)  Hib.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Respiratory syncytial virus

Accepted Answer

A)  causes serious disease in infants 6 months old or younger.
B)  uses the nasopharynx as its main replication site.
C)  can be treated with the antiviral aerosol ribavirin.
D)  has symptoms of dyspnea and rales.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following is not part of the upper respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

A)  mouth
B)  nasal cavity
C)  trachea
D)  pharynx
E)  larynxF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 5

The bright red rash and fever of scarlet fever is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  enterotoxins.
B)  hemolysins.
C)  toxic shock syndrome toxin.
D)  exfoliative toxin.
E)  erythrogenic toxin.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

Secondary bacterial infections may occur with the common cold.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which is incorrect about Mycoplasma pneumoniae?

Accepted Answer

A)  has birds as a reservoir
B)  common cause of primary atypical pneumonia
C)  initially causes fever,malaise,sore throat,and headache
D)  after 2 to 3 weeks,develops into an unproductive cough and earache
E)  is a bacterial cell without a cell wallF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

People at greatest risk for pneumococcal infections include all the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  the elderly.
B)  those with underlying lung disease and viral infections.
C)  patients without a spleen.
D)  adolescents and young adults.
E)  young infants.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Which of the following is true about sinusitis caused by allergy?

Accepted Answer

A)  greenish or yellowish mucous discharge
B)  caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae
C)  introduced by trauma
D)  clear,watery discharge
E)  preceded by viral rhinitisF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following is caused by Haemophilus influenzae in the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial meningitis
B)  influenza (flu) 
C)  otitis media
D)  bronchitis
E)  epiglottitisF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

Legionella pneumophila

Accepted Answer

A)  requires special lab growth media.
B)  often lives intracellularly in amoebas.
C)  causes fever,cough,and diarrhea.
D)  always causes a severe pneumonia.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Which of the following pertains to diphtheria?

Accepted Answer

A)  results in meningitis
B)  symptoms include vomiting and diarrhea
C)  can be transmitted from mother's birth canal to neonate
D)  prevented by the DTaP immunizationE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Pertussis has all of the following characteristics except

Accepted Answer

A)  the pathogen has virulence factors to destroy the action of respiratory cilia.
B)  the catarrhal stage has persistent,hacking coughs with "whoops."
C)  the early stage resembles a cold with nasal discharge and sneezing.
D)  DTaP immunization will prevent it.
E)  transmission is by respiratory droplets.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Formation of a pseudomembrane in the back of the throat is seen in cases of

Accepted Answer

A)  diphtheria.
B)  pharyngitis.
C)  tuberculosis.
D)  pertussis.
E)  SARS.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

Normal biota of the respiratory tract

Accepted Answer

A)  are localized to the nasopharynx only.
B)  can cause disease in immunocompromised patients.
C)  do not include yeasts or viruses.
D)  Staphylococcus aureus.
E)  is only comprised of staphylococcal species.F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

The enzyme associated with the influenza virus that hydrolyzes the protective mucous coating of the respiratory tract is

Accepted Answer

A)  catalase.
B)  reverse transcriptase.
C)  hyaluronidase.
D)  neuraminidase.
E)  kinase.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Which of the following is not true of influenza?

Accepted Answer

A)  Influenza has glycoprotein spikes of hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) .
B)  Antigenic drift changes the antigens to reduce immune recognition.
C)  Antigenic shift causes changes in the RNA strands.
D)  Influenza B viruses undergo both antigenic drift and antigenic shift.
E)  H5N1 is the bird flu strain that may cause a pandemic.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Respiratory syncytial virus is a major cause of global respiratory infection outbreaks in infants 6 months of age or younger.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Both Streptococcus pyogenes and Corynebacterium diphtheriae are highly pathogenic,and the disease symptomology can be very severe.Why is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infants and children are the high-risk groups and their morality rate is higher than for other ages.
B)  Both bacteria produce potent exotoxins.
C)  They induce autoimmune states in the patients.
D)  There are no antibiotics useful for diseases caused by these bacteria.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Hantavirus has all of the following characteristics except

Accepted Answer

A)  the reservoir is human carriers.
B)  it is a zoonosis.
C)  symptoms are abrupt fever,lung edema,respiratory distress,and hypotension.
D)  it is transmitted by aerosol transmission from rodent excreta.
E)  the first U.S.outbreak occurred in 1993 in the southwest.F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Exam 21: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Secondary bacterial infections may occur with the common cold.

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Normal biota of the respiratory tract

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People at greatest risk for pneumococcal infections include all the following except

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Formation of a pseudomembrane in the back of the throat is seen in cases of

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All of the following pertain to tuberculosis except

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Respiratory syncytial virus is a major cause of global respiratory infection outbreaks in infants 6 months of age or younger.

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Hantavirus has all of the following characteristics except

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Which of the following is true about sinusitis caused by allergy?

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Which is incorrect about Mycoplasma pneumoniae?

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Legionella pneumophila

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Which of the following is not true of influenza?

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Which of the following pertains to diphtheria?

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The vaccine for immunity to Haemophilus influenzae serotype b is

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The enzyme associated with the influenza virus that hydrolyzes the protective mucous coating of the respiratory tract is

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Which of the following is not part of the upper respiratory tract?

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Respiratory syncytial virus

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Both Streptococcus pyogenes and Corynebacterium diphtheriae are highly pathogenic,and the disease symptomology can be very severe.Why is this?

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Which of the following is caused by Haemophilus influenzae in the respiratory tract?

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The bright red rash and fever of scarlet fever is due to

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Pertussis has all of the following characteristics except

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