Question 1

What statement can one make about microbial growth within food in the refrigerator?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no growth of microorganisms in food in the refrigerator: the cold temperature kills or inactivates microbial cells.
B)  The absence of light in this storage condition greatly reduces the growth of most microbial pathogens.
C)  Most food does not have enough oxygen content for most microorganisms to thrive.
D)  The growth of the microorganisms in the food depends on their optimal growth temperatures: some grow slow and others grow faster.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

When microbes are in a close nutritional relationship,and one benefits but the other is not harmed,it is called

Accepted Answer

A)  symbiosis.
B)  satellitism.
C)  commensalism.
D)  mutualism.
E)  synergism.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 3

Lithoautotrophs use inorganic nutrients for carbon and energy sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which newly inoculated cells are adjusting to their new environment,metabolizing but not growing at an exponential rate,is the

Accepted Answer

A)  lag phase.
B)  log phase.
C)  stationary phase.
D)  death phase.
E)  prophase.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

The term obligate refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to exist in a wide range of conditions.
B)  existing in a very narrow niche.
C)  using chemicals for energy production.
D)  using light for energy production.
E)  using oxygen for metabolism.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

Whether an organism is an autotroph or heterotroph depends on its source of nitrogen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The majority of microbes live and grow in habitats between pH 7 and 9.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Microorganisms require small quantities of ______ for enzyme function and maintenance of protein structure:

Accepted Answer

A)  electrolytes
B)  macronutrients
C)  water
D)  growth factors
E)  trace elementsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration is called

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitated diffusion.
B)  diffusion.
C)  active transport.
D)  osmosis.
E)  endocytosis.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

After binary fission,daughter cells will differ genetically.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The termite requires the protozoan Trichonympha in its gut to provide the enzyme cellulase for the termite's use of cellulose in wood products.The protozoan uses the end products of the cellulose breakdown.This would be a _____ relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)  commensualistic
B)  mutualistic
C)  parasitic
D)  antagonisticE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Which of the following environmental conditions would be inappropriate for isolation of extremophilic microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  mud,with 0% oxygen content
B)  a yogurt container,pH 4.7
C)  a compost pile with decaying vegatables and grass,temperature of 55 degree celsius
D)  seawater,NaCl content of 3.5%E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 13

The phase of the bacterial growth curve that shows the maximum rate of cell division is the

Accepted Answer

A)  lag phase.
B)  log phase.
C)  stationary phase.
D)  death phase.
E)  prophase.F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 14

Organisms that feed on dead organisms for nutrients are called

Accepted Answer

A)  saprobes.
B)  parasites.
C)  autotrophs.
D)  lithoautotrophs.
E)  phototrophs.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygen-free environments is a/n

Accepted Answer

A)  aerobe.
B)  obligate aerobe.
C)  facultative anaerobe.
D)  microaerophile.
E)  obligate anaerobe.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Bacteria living in a freshwater stream that are moved to salty seawater would

Accepted Answer

A)  be in a hypotonic solution.
B)  gain water.
C)  be in an isotonic solution.
D)  become dehydrated due to the loss of water.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Facilitated diffusion is limited by

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate concentration.
B)  carrier proteins in the membrane.
C)  size of the pores in the membrane.
D)  osmotic pressure.
E)  size of the cell.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

A microaerophile

Accepted Answer

A)  grows best in an anaerobic jar.
B)  grows with or without oxygen.
C)  needs normal atmospheric levels of oxygen.
D)  requires a small amount of oxygen but won't grow at normal atmospheric levels of oxygen.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

The movement of substances from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier but no energy expenditure is called

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitated diffusion.
B)  diffusion.
C)  active transport.
D)  osmosis.
E)  endocytosis.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Saprobes do not need a carbon source for growth and metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microorganisms require small quantities of ______ for enzyme function and maintenance of protein structure:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lithoautotrophs use inorganic nutrients for carbon and energy sources.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following environmental conditions would be inappropriate for isolation of extremophilic microorganisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The termite requires the protozoan Trichonympha in its gut to provide the enzyme cellulase for the termite's use of cellulose in wood products.The protozoan uses the end products of the cellulose breakdown.This would be a _____ relationship.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Facilitated diffusion is limited by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Whether an organism is an autotroph or heterotroph depends on its source of nitrogen.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What statement can one make about microbial growth within food in the refrigerator?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A microaerophile

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which newly inoculated cells are adjusting to their new environment,metabolizing but not growing at an exponential rate,is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The majority of microbes live and grow in habitats between pH 7 and 9.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term obligate refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The movement of substances from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier but no energy expenditure is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria living in a freshwater stream that are moved to salty seawater would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygen-free environments is a/n

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When microbes are in a close nutritional relationship,and one benefits but the other is not harmed,it is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After binary fission,daughter cells will differ genetically.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The phase of the bacterial growth curve that shows the maximum rate of cell division is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organisms that feed on dead organisms for nutrients are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Saprobes do not need a carbon source for growth and metabolism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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