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Even without differentiation parity,a firm pursuing a cost-leadership strategy can still gain a competitive advantage as long as its


A) learning curve is not steeper than that of its competitors.
B) per-unit costs are higher than that of its competitors.
C) economic value creation exceeds that of its competitors.
D) value gap is lower than that of its competitors.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A _____ primarily details the goal-directed actions managers take in their quest for competitive advantage when competing in a single product market.


A) business-level strategy
B) code of ethics
C) mission statement
D) functional-level strategy

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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How is a cost-leader protected from threats from powerful buyers?


A) It is more able to absorb price increases through accepting lower profit margins.
B) It is more able to absorb price increase through generating higher profit margins.
C) It is able to create a significant difference between perceived value and current market prices.
D) It is able to create a significant difference between actual value and future market prices.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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What does blue ocean strategy attempt to reconcile?


A) the conflicting requirements of two generic strategies
B) the conflicting requirements of two value drivers
C) the conflicting requirements of two cost drivers
D) the conflicting requirements of two or more unique strategies

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Whole Foods differentiates itself from competitors by offering top-quality foods obtained through sustainable agriculture.This business strategy implies that Whole Foods focuses on


A) decreasing the existing value gap by providing luxury goods to customers.
B) maintaining a less steeper learning curve as compared to its competitors.
C) increasing the perceived value created for customers, which allows it to charge a premium price.
D) lowering its costs compared to its competitors,' while offering adequate value for its products and services.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following drivers simultaneously increases value while lowering cost?


A) economies of scale
B) superior customer service
C) availability of complements
D) innovation

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following is an accurate statement about learning effects?


A) Learning effects involve the dilution of output over time.
B) Learning effects involve the accumulation of output over time.
C) Learning effects involve the increase of output at a point in time.
D) Learning effects involve the decrease of output at a point in time.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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B

Handy Helper,Inc.produces decent-quality woodworking tools at a mid-range price.Master Tools,Inc.produces high-quality tools also at a mid-range price.Master Tools gained a competitive advantage because it has ______ than Handy Helper.


A) higher economies of scope
B) lower economies of scope
C) a higher value gap
D) a lower value gap

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Product features,customer service,and complements are all examples of important


A) cost curves.
B) cost drivers.
C) value curves.
D) value drivers.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is primarily a cost driver?


A) product features
B) customer service
C) complements
D) economies of scale

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Lush Roses is a chain of premium hotels around the globe that charges higher prices for its rooms and suites when compared to the average industry standards.Yet,the hotel enjoys the largest market share in the industry.This is mainly due its highly responsive staff that has a strong commitment toward achieving a 100 percent guest satisfaction.In this scenario,which of the following is the key value driver?


A) superior customer service
B) low cost of input factors
C) availability of complements
D) economies of scale

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Evia Cycles Inc.incurs $400 to manufacture a bicycle,and the maximum price customers are willing to pay is $550 per unit.Archer Cycles Inc.,its competitor,incurs $450 to manufacture a similar bicycle,and customers are willing to pay a maximum price of $620 for it.What does this indicate?


A) Both Evia Cycles and Archer Cycles have achieved differentiation parity.
B) Evia Cycles has a competitive advantage over Archer Cycles.
C) Archer Cycles has created a greater economic value than Evia Cycles.
D) Both Evia Cycles and Archer Cycles have achieved cost parity.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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When a firm operates at an output level of 9,000 units,the per-unit cost is $5.When the production is between 10,000-12,000 units,the per-unit cost is $4.At a production level of 13,000 units,the production cost is again $5 per unit.At 14,000 units and above,the production cost increases further.At what output level does the firm experience economies of scale?


A) 9,000 units
B) 11,000 units
C) 13,000 units
D) 15,000 units

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Allure is a cosmetic brand that pursues a cost-leader strategy.Which of the following statements is true of the cosmetic brand?


A) It appeals to the price-conscious buyers.
B) Its primary value driver is product uniqueness.
C) It charges a premium price for its products.
D) It directly competes against luxury cosmetic brands that charge premium prices.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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A blue ocean strategy tends to be successful only if a firm is able to rely on a _____ that allows it to reconcile trade-offs.


A) value driver
B) value innovation
C) product feature
D) product complement

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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B

Juanita Apparels Inc.outsources its production to contract manufacturers located in underdeveloped nations where unskilled labor is available in plenty for very low wages.This has helped the apparel brand become a price leader in the industry.Which of the following is the key driver behind Juanita Apparel's strategic position?


A) network effects
B) superior customer service
C) availability of complements
D) low-cost input factors

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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D

A value curve indicates a lack of effectiveness in a firm's strategic profile when it


A) stays level.
B) zigzags.
C) trends downward.
D) trends upward.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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_____ is best described as decreases in cost per unit as output increases.


A) Economies of scale
B) Economies of scope
C) Time compression economies
D) Economies of replication

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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The pursuit of both differentiation and low cost at the same time in a way that creates a leap in value for both the firm and consumers is called


A) cost driving.
B) cost innovation.
C) value driving.
D) value innovation.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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What is a value gap?


A) real versus perceived value
B) economic value creation
C) lack of perceived value
D) economic value differentiation

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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