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The aim of Freud's destructive instinct is


A) self-preservation.
B) self-assertion.
C) self-destruction.
D) self-hatred.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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After successful psychoanalytic treatment


A) neurotic symptoms are repressed.
B) psychic energy strengthens the superego.
C) positive transference toward the analyst increases.
D) the ego is expanded with previously repressed material.
E) the ego is incorporated into the superego.

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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Amy, an 18-month-old child, resorts to taking her baby sister's bottle even though she has previously been weaned.This behavior illustrates which Freudian defense mechanism?


A) stubbornness
B) fixation
C) repression
D) regression

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The event that eventually led to Freud's achievement of fame was his


A) partnership with Jung.
B) use of cocaine.
C) insistence on the existence of male hysteria.
D) marriage to Martha Bernays.
E) publication of The Interpretation of Dreams.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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According to Freud, all people possess two major instincts or drives.They are


A) ego and id.
B) id and superego.
C) hunger and safety.
D) self-defense and self-enhancement.
E) sex and aggression.

F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Freud called the nonsexual love a child has for a sibling


A) primary narcissism.
B) secondary narcissism.
C) aim-inhibited love.
D) masochism.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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After the female Oedipus complex is resolved, Freud claimed that it is replaced by


A) the sadistic-anal phase.
B) rationalizations.
C) the superego.
D) the wish to be a boy.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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In psychoanalytic theory, unacceptable drives and impulses are repressed by the


A) id.
B) aggressive drive.
C) superego.
D) ego at the urging of the superego.
E) ego-ideal.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Freud's notion of phylogenetic endowment refers to


A) anatomical differences between the sexes that lead to psychological differences.
B) the physical structure of the brain where the unconscious is located.
C) our ancestor's experiences that we inherit and that form part of our unconscious.
D) the social rules we learn from our parents that form the superego.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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According to Freud, ideas that slip in and out of awareness with greater or lesser degrees of ease are


A) unconscious.
B) preconscious.
C) conscious.
D) repressed.
E) censored.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Among Freud's personal qualities were


A) a lifelong acceptance and loyalty to those followers who broke away from psychoanalysis.
B) an inability to learn languages other than German.
C) an unromantic and dispassionate disposition, especially toward his close friends.
D) an intellectual curiosity and high moral courage.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The goal of psychoanalytic therapy is to


A) transform unconscious material into consciousness.
B) eliminate all neurotic symptoms.
C) bring about self-actualization.
D) uncover archetypes.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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According to Freud, the ego is


A) conscious only.
B) preconscious only.
C) unconscious only.
D) conscious, preconscious, and unconscious.
E) conscious and preconscious only.

F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

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Seeing deficiencies in others that one unconsciously feels within oneself is an example of which Freudian defense mechanism?


A) reaction formation
B) undoing
C) projection
D) isolation

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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