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What factors determine price elasticity of demand?

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Price elasticity of demand is determined...

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Many convenience stores now have mail slots where customers can pay their utility bills. The utility companies handle all the processing while the customers get the benefit of not having to use postage. The convenience store owner gets the advantage of the extra foot traffic. The mail slots are an example of


A) societal pricing.
B) revenue sharing.
C) value-pricing.
D) barter.
E) cost-pricing.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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The particular type of competition dramatically influences the range of price competition and, in turn,


A) the nature of product differentiation and extent of advertising.
B) the nature of product differentiation and extent of on-hand inventory.
C) the degree of involvement with each of the organization's stakeholders.
D) the degree of involvement with both retailers and wholesalers.
E) the relationship between product lines and product classes.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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The competitive market situation in which many sellers compete on nonprice factors is referred to as


A) a pure monopoly.
B) an oligopoly.
C) pure competition.
D) monopolistic competition.
E) monopolistic oligopoly.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The owner of a small restaurant that sells takeout fried chicken and biscuits each month pays $2,500 in rent, $500 in utilities, $750 interest on his loan, insurance premium of $200, and $250 on advertising on local buses. A bucket of chicken is priced at $9.50. Unit variable costs for the bucket of chicken are $5.50. How many buckets of chicken does the restaurant need to sell to break even each month?


A) 442 buckets
B) 764 buckets
C) 1,050 buckets
D) 3,150 buckets
E) 4,200 buckets

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Acme Shoe Co. sells heel replacement kits for men's shoes. It has fixed costs of $6 million and unit variable costs of $5 per kit. Suppose a consultant tells Acme that it can sell 750,000 heel repair kits. What price must Acme charge to achieve a profit of $2.5 million?


A) $5.00
B) $8.33
C) $11.33
D) $16.33
E) $20.00

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Which term describes factors that limit the range of prices a firm may set?


A) price fixings
B) pricing constraints
C) price elasticities
D) pricing demands
E) pricing margins

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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Economists have identified four types of competitive markets, which are


A) capitalistic, monopolistic, socialist, and communist.
B) pure monopoly, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, and pure competition.
C) free market, restrained market, government-regulated, and command economy.
D) market economy, command economy, traditional economy, and controlled economy.
E) open market, consumer-dominated market, service market, and product market.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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In a snack vending machine, consumers can select one of many choices. These snacks are


A) an ideal example of unitary demand.
B) likely to have a price elasticity equal to 1.
C) more likely to be price elastic.
D) likely to have a price elasticity less than 1.
E) more likely to be price inelastic.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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For the sake of simplicity and by convention, price elasticity figures are shown as


A) positive numbers (0.64, 1.25, etc.) .
B) negative numbers (-0.64, -1.25, etc.) .
C) Greek letters (∑, ∏, etc.) .
D) Roman numerals (I, V, X, etc.) .
E) English consonants (P, Q, TR, etc.) .

F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Each month, the owner of a car wash pays $2,500 in rent, $500 in utilities, $750 interest on the business loan, an insurance premium of $200, and $250 on advertising on local bus routes. A full-service car wash is priced at $10.50. Unit variable costs for the car wash are $7.50. At what level of revenue will the car wash break even?


A) $4,200
B) $10,500
C) $14,700
D) $30,000
E) $39,900

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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A firm may forgo higher profit on sales and follow which of the following pricing objectives because it wants to recognize its stakeholder obligations?


A) profit
B) market share
C) unit volume
D) survival
E) social responsibility

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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George and Alice Renfro decided to start a family business in 1990 to produce chowchow, a Southern regional food. To determine how they would price the chowchow, the Renfros had to examine (1) the demand for the product and the cost to distribute the product to area grocery stores. For the Renfros, Step 1 of their price-setting process consists of


A) identifying pricing constraints.
B) estimating break-even points and revenue points.
C) setting the list price.
D) selecting an approximate price level.
E) determining cost, volume, and profit relationships.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Economists have identified four types of competitive markets: pure monopoly, monopolistic competition, pure competition, and


A) capitalism.
B) socialism.
C) consumer-dominated.
D) oligopoly.
E) government-dominated.

F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

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If competitive market circumstances are such that there are few sellers who are sensitive to each other's prices, and the purpose of advertising is to inform but avoid price competition, then __________ must exist in the industry.


A) a pure monopoly
B) monopolistic competition
C) pure competition
D) an oligopoly
E) oligopolistic competition

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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A target return profit objective implies that a company chooses to


A) set targets whose performance can be measured quickly.
B) give up immediate profit in exchange for achieving a higher market share in hopes of penetrating competitive markets.
C) set a profit goal that is often determined by its board of directors.
D) reduce investment in any further market or product research.
E) set prices based on return on sales.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Price elasticity of demand is determined by a number of factors, such as the availability of substitutes, the necessity of the product or service, and


A) the cash outlay of the purchase relative to a person's disposable income.
B) the stage of the product or service in its product life cycle.
C) the degree of carrying costs for the manufacturer or distributor.
D) the financial resources of the organization itself.
E) the ability of the organization to meet sudden increases in demand.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following represent elements of Step 2 of the price-setting process?


A) profit, market share, and survival
B) estimation of demand, sales revenue, and price elasticity
C) cost estimation, marginal analysis, and break-even analysis
D) demand for the product class and brand, newness of the product, and competition
E) market segmentation, targeting, and positioning

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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What are the six broad objectives that an organization may pursue that tie in directly to its pricing policies?

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The six broad objectives that ...

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Economists have identified four types of competitive markets: pure monopoly, pure competition, oligopoly, and


A) capitalism.
B) socialism.
C) monopolistic competition.
D) consumer-dominated.
E) government-dominated.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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