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Consider the four steps in the sequential process of building brand equity. The third step is to elicit the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning. This step consists of two dimensions,


A) brand identity and brand emotion.
B) brand performance and brand imagery.
C) consumer judgments and consumer feelings.
D) brand awareness and consumer-brand connection.
E) consumer feelings and brand imagery.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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A __________ is a brand strategy designed to counteract or confront competitors' brands.


A) co-brand
B) private brand
C) fighting brand
D) brand extension
E) subbrand

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The life cycle of a product depends on sales to


A) consumers.
B) distributors.
C) intermediaries.
D) regulators.
E) exporters.

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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The formula __________ is used to calculate BDI.


A) (Percent of the total U.S. population in a market segment ÷ Percent of a brand's total U.S. sales in a market segment) × 100
B) (Percent of a product category's total U.S. sales in a market segment ÷ Percent of the total U.S. population in a market segment) × 100
C) (Percent of a brand's total U.S. sales in a market segment ÷ Percent of the total U.S. population in a market segment) × 100
D) (Percent of the total U.S. population in a market segment ÷ Percent of a product category's total U.S. sales in a market segment) × 100
E) of the ratio of sales revenue of the firm to the total sales revenue of all firms in the industry, including the firm itself.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Products that are introduced, decline, and seem to return are characteristic of the __________ type of product life cycle.


A) high-learning
B) low-learning
C) fashion
D) fad
E) generalized

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Trading down refers to __________ when repositioning a product.


A) reducing the number of features, qualities, or price
B) reducing the amount of product carried as inventory
C) reducing the number of product items in a product line
D) redirecting marketing resources from a "cash cow" target market to one that is not performing as well in the hopes of increasing sales and profits
E) encouraging consumers through the use of coupons and deals to purchase a firm's lower-priced products

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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Warranties, money-back guarantees, extensive usage instructions, demonstrations, and free samples are all ways in which companies attempt to overcome barriers to product adoption during the __________ stage of a product's life cycle.


A) accelerated development
B) maturity
C) growth
D) introduction
E) decline

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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All electric-powered automobiles such as the Chevy Spark are in which stage of their product life cycle?


A) growth
B) maturity
C) decline
D) accelerated development
E) introduction

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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A concept that describes the stages a product goes through in the marketplace-introduction, growth, maturity, and decline-is referred to as the


A) retail life cycle.
B) product life cycle.
C) marketing mix.
D) product growth cycle.
E) diffusion of product innovation.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Twenty years ago, the Mississippi Gulf Coast was a nice place to vacation with a white sandy beach, golfing opportunities, resort hotels, and good seafood restaurants. With the addition of casinos, the Gulf Coast improved its odds of being a tourist destination for more travelers. This is an example of a __________ strategy.


A) market-product grid
B) diversification
C) product modification
D) market modification
E) product repositioning

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Secret deodorant maintains its leadership position as one of many products in what is typically considered a __________ product category.


A) fad
B) low-learning
C) fashion
D) high-learning
E) specialty

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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Products such as Yoplait's Go-GURT


A) perceptual benefits
B) communication benefits
C) functional benefits
D) technology
E) renewable resources

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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All of the following are product modification strategies except


A) product bundling.
B) improving a product's quality.
C) changing a product's appearance.
D) creating a new use situation.
E) altering a product's performance.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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A product life cycle for which little customer education is required and there is a very short introductory period is an example of a __________ product.


A) high-learning
B) fashion
C) low-learning
D) fad
E) generalized

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

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A __________ product is a style of the times.


A) high-learning
B) low-learning
C) fashion
D) fad
E) substitute

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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When most consumers who would buy a product are either repeat purchasers of the item or have tried and abandoned it, what stage of the product life cycle is the product in?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) harvest

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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A strategy of harvesting may be employed in the decline stage of a product life to


A) maintain primary demand for a product category.
B) acquire as many new customers as possible.
C) maintain the ability to meet ongoing customers' requests.
D) eliminate all production costs.
E) reposition the product.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Express warranties


A) provide a written statement of manufacturer liability.
B) state the bounds of coverage and, more important, areas of noncoverage.
C) have no limits of noncoverage.
D) assign responsibility for product deficiencies to the manufacturer.
E) assign responsibility for product deficiencies on misuse to the consumer.

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Correct Answer

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The communication aspect of packaging on a can of Campbell's soup would most likely be of the greatest benefit to


A) people in a hurry to get to work.
B) people on a tight budget.
C) people with dietary restrictions.
D) people who are brand loyal.
E) people who love to try new things.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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The four steps in the sequential process of building the brand equity pyramid are: (1) developing positive brand awareness; (2) __________; (3) eliciting the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning; and (4) creating an intense, active, and loyal consumer-brand connection.


A) easing consumers' decision making
B) forming a brand personality
C) rewarding loyal customer behavior
D) establishing a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers
E) developing brand licensing criteria

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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