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In the VALS framework, consumers motivated by achievement look for products and services that demonstrate success to their peers or to a peer group they aspire to. One segment of the two achievement-motivated groups, known as __________, have a busy, goal-directed lifestyle and a deep commitment to career and family. Image is important to them.


A) Experiencers
B) Believers
C) Makers
D) Achievers
E) Thinkers

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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In the Maslow hierarchy of needs, __________ needs involve self-preservation as well as physical and financial well-being.


A) physiological
B) social
C) personal
D) safety
E) self-actualization

F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

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The set of values, ideas, and attitudes that are learned and shared among the members of a group is referred to as


A) national character.
B) culture.
C) social class.
D) code of ethics.
E) ethnic ideology.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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As a result of __________, consumers do not remember all the information they see, read, or hear, even minutes after exposure to it.


A) selective retention
B) selective comprehension
C) selective exposure
D) selective perception
E) subliminal discrimination

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Bob's best friend Mike turns 25 next week. Bob decided to purchase Mike a tablet device/e-book reader as a present. Because Bob has purchased three personal computers and other consumer electronic devices over the past five years, he scanned his memory for various brand options. This is an example of what part of the consumer purchase decision process?


A) recollection search
B) external search
C) evaluative criteria
D) antecedent states
E) internal search

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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The process by which people acquire the skills, knowledge, and attitudes necessary to function as consumers is referred to as


A) consumer assimilation.
B) consumer socialization.
C) consumer lifestyle.
D) purchase decision process.
E) purchasing enculturation.

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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Which of the following statements about how women buy new cars today is most accurate?


A) Women have definite likes or dislikes when buying a new car, but they don't feel comfortable expressing their opinions.
B) Most women actually enjoy the price negotiation process.
C) The issue of "speed" is an important factor to men but not really important to women.
D) Women are more likely to make their new-car purchase selection as a result of information provided by a friend or a relative than from promotional information.
E) Women care more about exterior styles and lines and men are more concerned with cargo space and gas mileage.

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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In the VALS framework, consumers motivated by ideals are guided by knowledge and principle. One segment of the two ideals-motivated groups, known as __________, includes mature, reflective, and well-educated people who value order, knowledge, and responsibility.


A) Makers
B) Believers
C) Thinkers
D) Survivors
E) Achievers

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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Status in the Maslow hierarchy of needs is an example of a __________ need.


A) self-actualization
B) personal
C) social
D) safety
E) physiological

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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In the Maslow hierarchy of needs, those needs that are represented by the need for achievement, status, prestige, and self-respect are referred to as __________ needs.


A) physiological
B) safety
C) personal
D) social
E) self-actualization

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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The initial stage in the consumer purchase decision process involves perceiving a difference between a person's ideal and actual situations big enough to trigger a decision. What is this stage called?


A) postpurchase behavior
B) alternative evaluation
C) purchase decision
D) problem recognition
E) information search

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Ruth, who has no children, wants to buy a special baby gift for her best friend's baby shower, which is this evening. Since she won't have any time between work and the baby shower, she must go today during her lunch break. She is planning on taking her sister with her to help make the selection. Ruth knows she will be ready to buy every baby-oriented product she sees because she wishes that she too was having a baby. Identify each of the situational influences that are described in this scenario. Which situational influence was not described?

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The purchase of a special baby gift for ...

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BzzAgent is a firm that specializes in a marketing strategy known as


A) sting.
B) teaser advertising.
C) spin.
D) buzz.
E) viral marketing.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

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In the VALS framework, consumers can have abundant or minimal psychological, physical, and material resources. One segment with minimal resources, known as __________, focus on meeting basic needs (safety and security) rather than fulfilling desires.


A) Thinkers
B) Innovators
C) Makers
D) Survivors
E) Strivers

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Evaluative criteria refer to


A) the objective and subjective attributes of a brand consumers use to compare different products and brands.
B) those attributes of a brand that are based exclusively on objective criteria in order to make an unbiased purchase decision.
C) those attributes of a brand that are based exclusively on subjective criteria in order to avoid postpurchase anxiety.
D) the attributes of a product that a manufacturer wishes to promote to a specific target market.
E) a list of required product attributes from which a customer will not waver regardless of additional incentives.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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An Acura automobile ad is headlined by a quote from Henry David Thoreau, "Go in the Direction of Your Dreams." This ad is most likely to appeal to consumer's __________ needs in the Maslow hierarchy of needs.


A) physiological
B) personal
C) psychological
D) social
E) self-actualization

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Sources of external information that originate with the sellers of products and services and include advertising, company websites, salespeople, and point-of-purchase displays in stores are referred to as


A) relational sources.
B) public sources.
C) personal sources.
D) stakeholder sources.
E) marketer-dominated sources.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following is not part of the physical surroundings of a retail store that can influence how purchase decisions are made?


A) decor
B) crowding
C) lighting
D) music
E) time of day

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

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BzzAgent


A) is the top consumer information source in developing countries.
B) captures honest word-of-mouth testimonials from satisfied customers who will promote new products or services.
C) was the first on the Internet to create a public forum for new products.
D) counteracts false rumors or negative buzz for quality products or services that have been unjustly accused on social networking websites.
E) uses ethnographic research techniques to discover subtle behavioral and emotional reactions to products in their natural use environment.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which problem solving variation would likely be used for clothing, sheets, towels, or electric can openers?


A) routine response behavior
B) limited problem solving
C) extended problem solving
D) simulated selection
E) integrated problem solving

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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