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Consider the following information:  Period  Forecast 120022003300440055006200 Regular Time: $20 per unit ( 280 units per period maximum)  Overtime: $30 per unit (40 units per period maximum)  Subcontracting:  None available  Beginning Inventory:  None  Carrying Cost: $1 per unit per period  Backorder Cost: $5 per unit per period \begin{array} { l l l } \text { Period } & \text { Forecast } \\\hline 1 & 200 & \\2 & 200 & \\3 & 300 & \\4 & 400 & \\5 & 500 & \\6 & 200 & \\\text { Regular Time: } & \$ 20 \text { per unit ( } 280 \text { units per period maximum) } \\\text { Overtime: } & \$ 30 \text { per unit (40 units per period maximum) } \\\text { Subcontracting: } & \text { None available } \\\text { Beginning Inventory: } & \text { None } \\\text { Carrying Cost: } & \$ 1 \text { per unit per period } \\\text { Backorder Cost: } & \$ 5 \text { per unit per period }\end{array} What are total overtime costs?

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Given the projected demands for the next six months, prepare an aggregate plan that uses inventory, regular time and overtime, and back orders. The plan must wind up with no units in ending inventory in period 6. Regular time capacity is 150 units per month. Overtime capacity is 20 units per month. Overtime cost is $30 per unit, back order cost is $20 per unit, inventory holding cost is $5 per unit, regular time cost is $20 per unit, and beginning inventory is zero.  Month  Forecast 118021703140415051306150\begin{array} { l l } \text { Month } & \text { Forecast } \\\hline 1 & 180 \\2 & 170 \\3 & 140 \\4 & 150 \\5 & 130 \\6 & 150\end{array}

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The aggregate plan should look like this...

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Using dynamic pricing in response to capacity variability to ensure that perishable inventory is not wasted is known as:


A) yield management.
B) profit minimization.
C) capacity loading.
D) demand optimization.
E) perishability avoidance.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Consider the following information:  Period  Forecast 120022003300440055006200 Regular Time: $20 per unit ( 280 units per period maximum)  Overtime: $30 per unit (40 units per period maximum)  Subcontracting:  None available  Beginning Inventory:  None  Carrying Cost: $1 per unit per period  Backorder Cost: $5 per unit per period \begin{array} { l l l } \text { Period } & \text { Forecast } \\\hline 1 & 200 & \\2 & 200 & \\3 & 300 & \\4 & 400 & \\5 & 500 & \\6 & 200 & \\\text { Regular Time: } & \$ 20 \text { per unit ( } 280 \text { units per period maximum) } \\\text { Overtime: } & \$ 30 \text { per unit (40 units per period maximum) } \\\text { Subcontracting: } & \text { None available } \\\text { Beginning Inventory: } & \text { None } \\\text { Carrying Cost: } & \$ 1 \text { per unit per period } \\\text { Backorder Cost: } & \$ 5 \text { per unit per period }\end{array} What is total regular time capacity?

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Which of the following is not a basic option for altering the availability of capacity in a service environment?


A) overtime
B) hiring/layoff
C) part time
D) inventory
E) All of the choices are options.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Uncommitted inventory is called:


A) available-to-promise inventory.
B) free inventory.
C) safety stock.
D) lead time inventory.
E) obsolete inventory.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Ultimately the overriding factor in choosing a strategy in aggregate planning is overall cost.

A) True
B) False

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Organizations facing seasonal changes in demand are prevented from using aggregate planning techniques.

A) True
B) False

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The use of tables and charts in aggregate planning usually enables planners to arrive at an optimal plan.

A) True
B) False

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Proactive and reactive aggregate planning strategies are best associated with:


A) input and output.
B) make and buy.
C) quantitative and qualitative.
D) exact and approximate.
E) demand and capacity options.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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One option for altering the availability of manufacturing capacity is:


A) pricing.
B) promotion.
C) back orders.
D) inventories.
E) yield management.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is most closely associated with disaggregation?


A) subcontracting
B) master schedule
C) diversity
D) varying inventory levels
E) firing and laying off

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Subcontracting "in" would apply to periods in which our organization has excess capacity.

A) True
B) False

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Linear programming to produce an aggregate plan:


A) will produce the best plan if accurate inputs are used.
B) is the most widely used technique.
C) is easy to implement.
D) will produce a plan that may not be the best plan.
E) requires an Excel spreadsheet.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Which of the following are typically in play in a circumstance in which yield management is worthwhile? (I) Perishable capacity (II) Ample finished goods storage (III) Demand variability (IV) Low holding costs


A) I, II, and IV only
B) I and III only
C) III only
D) II and III only
E) II, III, and IV only

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following is not an input to the aggregate planning process?


A) resources available
B) demand forecast
C) policies on workforce changes
D) master production schedules
E) cost information

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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In a service setting, the aggregate plan results in a time-phased projection of __________ requirements.


A) customer
B) staff
C) inventory
D) subcontracting
E) outsourcing

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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In the master production schedule, production is planned for the next period whenever the available-to-promise quantity becomes negative.

A) True
B) False

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The master schedule indicates the quantity and timing for delivery of a product, but not the dates production will need to start.

A) True
B) False

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In order to use the level capacity strategy, variations in demand are met by:


A) varying output during regular time without changing employment levels.
B) varying output during regular time by changing employment levels.
C) varying output by changing overtime levels.
D) using combination of inventories, overtime, part time, and back orders.
E) price adjustments.

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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