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If the supply of product X is perfectly elastic, an increase in the demand for it will increase


A) equilibrium quantity but reduce equilibrium price.
B) equilibrium quantity, but equilibrium price will be unchanged.
C) equilibrium price but reduce equilibrium quantity.
D) equilibrium price, but equilibrium quantity will be unchanged.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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(p. pageTagpageTag )  (p.  pageTag )    Refer to the above graph. Consider a situation where price increases from P3 to P4. In this price range, demand is relatively A)  inelastic because the loss in total revenue (areas E + F + G)  is greater than the gain in total revenue (area A) . B)  elastic because the loss in total revenue (areas E + F + G)  is greater than the gain in total revenue (area A) . C)  elastic because the loss in total revenue (area A)  is greater than the gain in total revenue (areas E + F + G) . D)  inelastic because the loss in total revenue (area A)  is greater than the gain in total revenue (areas E + F + G) . Refer to the above graph. Consider a situation where price increases from P3 to P4. In this price range, demand is relatively


A) inelastic because the loss in total revenue (areas E + F + G) is greater than the gain in total revenue (area A) .
B) elastic because the loss in total revenue (areas E + F + G) is greater than the gain in total revenue (area A) .
C) elastic because the loss in total revenue (area A) is greater than the gain in total revenue (areas E + F + G) .
D) inelastic because the loss in total revenue (area A) is greater than the gain in total revenue (areas E + F + G) .

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Gigantic State University raises tuition for the purpose of increasing its revenue so that more faculty can be hired. GSU is assuming that the demand for education at GSU is


A) decreasing.
B) relatively elastic.
C) perfectly elastic.
D) relatively inelastic.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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A positive cross-elasticity of demand between two goods indicates that the two goods are both normal goods.

A) True
B) False

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We would expect the cross elasticity of demand between dress shirts and ties to be


A) positive, indicating normal goods.
B) positive, indicating complementary goods.
C) negative, indicating substitute goods.
D) negative, indicating complementary goods.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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To economists, the main differences between "the short run" and "the long run" are that


A) the law of diminishing returns applies in the long run, but not in the short run.
B) in the short run all resources are fixed, while in the long run all resources are variable.
C) fixed inputs are more important to decision making in the long run than they are in the short run.
D) in the long run all resources are variable, while in the short run at least one resource is fixed.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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You are the sales manager for a software company and have been informed that the price elasticity of demand for your most popular software is less than 1. In order to increase total revenues from that product, you should


A) increase the price of the software.
B) decrease the price of the software.
C) hold the price of the software constant.
D) increase the supply of the software.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Considering the price-elasticity of demand for wheat, we would expect that if the supply of wheat increases, other factors constant, then wheat farmers' total revenues would


A) increase because the demand is price-inelastic.
B) decrease because the demand is price-inelastic.
C) increase because the demand is price-elastic.
D) decrease because the demand is price-elastic.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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If demand for a product is elastic, the value of the price elasticity coefficient is


A) zero.
B) greater than one.
C) equal to one.
D) less than one.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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B

(Last Word) Suppose that a firm has "pricing power" and can segregate its market into two distinct groups based on differences in elasticities of demand. The firm might charge


A) a lower price to the group that has the less elastic demand.
B) a higher price to the group that has the less elastic demand.
C) the same price to both groups but include a "free" related product for the group that has an inelastic demand.
D) the same price to both groups but make it difficult for the group with the more elastic demand to gain access to the product.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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A straight-line downward-sloping demand curve has a price elasticity of demand which


A) decreases as price decreases.
B) increases as price decreases.
C) is zero at all prices.
D) is unitary at all prices.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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The Illinois Central Railroad once asked the Illinois Commerce Commission for permission to increase its commuter rates by 20 percent. The railroad argued that declining revenues made this rate increase essential. Opponents of the rate increase contended that the railroad's revenues would fall because of the rate hike. It can be concluded that


A) both groups felt that the demand was elastic but for different reasons.
B) both groups felt that the demand was inelastic but for different reasons.
C) the railroad felt that the demand for passenger service was inelastic and opponents of the rate increase felt it was elastic.
D) the railroad felt that the demand for passenger service was elastic and opponents of the rate increase felt it was inelastic.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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A good with a price-elasticity coefficient of 0.75 has a demand that is price-inelastic.

A) True
B) False

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In interpreting the Ed value as either elastic or inelastic, we look at the


A) Ed coefficient with its negative sign.
B) absolute value of the Ed coefficient.
C) percentage change in price.
D) percentage change in quantity.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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A firm produces and sells two goods, A and B. Good A is known to have many close substitutes; good B makes up a significant portion of most families' budgets. From these facts, we would expect that the demand for Good A would be _, while that of Good B would be .


A) elastic; elastic also
B) inelastic; inelastic also
C) elastic; inelastic
D) inelastic; elastic

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A

The cross elasticity of demand for product X with respect to the price of product Y is −1.2. It can be inferred that X and Y are


A) substitute products.
B) complementary products.
C) luxury products.
D) unrelated products.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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A normal good would have a positive price-elasticity of demand.

A) True
B) False

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False

Suppose the price elasticity of supply for crude oil is 2.5. How much would price have to rise to increase production by 20 percent?


A) 8 percent
B) 12.5 percent
C) 20 percent
D) 45 percent

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Suppose the price elasticity of demand for bread is 0.20. If the price of bread falls by 10 percent, the quantity demanded will increase by


A) 2 percent and total expenditures on bread will rise.
B) 2 percent and total expenditures on bread will fall.
C) 20 percent and total expenditures on bread will fall.
D) 20 percent and total expenditures on bread will rise.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Suppose the supply of product X is perfectly inelastic. If there is an increase in the demand for this product, equilibrium price


A) will decrease, but equilibrium quantity will increase.
B) and quantity will both decrease.
C) will increase, but equilibrium quantity will decline.
D) will increase, but equilibrium quantity will be unchanged.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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