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What is meant by the phrase, "Empowerment is a matter of degree"? Describe the evolution of power from domination to delegation.

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Empowerment is a matter of degree, not a...

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__________ power tend to produce compliance.


A) Positive legitimate, expert, and referent
B) Negative legitimate, expert, and referent
C) Negative legitimate, coercive, and reward
D) Negative legitimate, reward, and expert
E) Positive legitimate, expert, and reward

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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While structural empowerment draws on job design and characteristics, psychological empowerment is related to self-efficacy.

A) True
B) False

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Dewey, a manager at the Busy Bee Restaurant, gives Alice her schedule for the next week. Alice knows she must follow that schedule. What kind of power is Dewey exercising?


A) Reward
B) Coercion
C) Referent
D) Legitimate
E) Expert

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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In order to have effective meetings, a leader should never use an agenda for a meeting.

A) True
B) False

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Trying to build enthusiasm by appealing to others' emotions, ideals, or values is known as:


A) Ingratiation
B) Consultation
C) Exchange
D) Coalition tactics
E) Inspirational appeals

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Ethan tried to convince his subordinates to accept a new policy by showing them that the policy is consistent with the organizational rules and policies. He also showed them that the people above him had already supported and sanctioned the policy. What influence tactic was Ethan using?


A) Legitimating tactics
B) Exchange
C) Personal appeal
D) Ingratiation
E) Consultation

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following is a "hard" influence tactic?


A) Consultation
B) Legitimating tactics
C) Ingratiation
D) Personal appeals
E) Rational persuasion

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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The highest degree of empowerment is:


A) Authoritarian power
B) Power sharing
C) Power distribution
D) Influence sharing
E) Structural

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

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The ability to make threats or deliver punishment gives an individual or organization _______ power.


A) Reward
B) Coercion
C) Referent
D) Legitimate
E) Expert

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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Describe at least six of the common influence tactics and describe them. Give examples of each from your own experience.

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Influence tactics are conscious efforts ...

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When psychologically empowered, an employee feels all but one of the following. Which one?


A) Self-determination
B) Agreeableness
C) Meaning
D) Competence
E) Impact at work

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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The best possible influence outcome is __________ because the target person's intrinsic motivation energizes good performance.


A) Commitment
B) Defiance
C) Compliance
D) Resistance
E) Hindrance

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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Power is the ability to marshal resources to get something done.

A) True
B) False

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To have more effective meetings, managers should:


A) Experiment with the numbers and frequencies of meetings held
B) Allow meetings to go longer than scheduled; schedules are only guidelines
C) Create a general agenda showing just the time, date, and place of the meeting
D) Insist that only problems be fully discussed, and possible solutions aired at later meetings
E) Set general goals for each meeting

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Influence tactics can be taught and learned.

A) True
B) False

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Recent research and practice have shown that the four elements-meaning, competence, self-determination, and impact at work-that are important for individuals also foster psychological empowerment in teams, but not for whole organizations.

A) True
B) False

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One often overlooked and underestimated source of referent power is your network of relationships.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is not a principle of persuasion?


A) People tend to like those who like them
B) People tend to resent and disrespect credible experts
C) The belief in reciprocity is almost universal
D) People tend to follow the lead of those most like themselves
E) People tend to do what they are personally committed to do

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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When a coalition's target issue is resolved, the coalition members usually stick together around a new issue they have embraced.

A) True
B) False

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