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The need to see one or more alternative paths to achieve a goal, even when faced with adversity, is called:


A) Optimism
B) Resilience
C) Willpower
D) Waypower
E) Efficacy

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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The state of being completely involved in an activity for its own sake is known as empowerment.

A) True
B) False

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When positive practices reduce the impact of negative events or stressors, a(n) _________ effect has occurred.


A) Buffering
B) Attentional
C) Positivity
D) Amplifying
E) Deviant

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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One of the components of virtuous leadership is participativeness.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is not a benefit of mindfulness?


A) Increased intelligence
B) More balanced emotions
C) Personal effectiveness
D) Increased physical effectiveness
E) More effective communication

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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The focus of virtuous leadership is to help individuals, groups, and organizations to elevate, enrich, and flourish.

A) True
B) False

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One characteristic that would describe an organization without positive OB is:


A) Single-minded focus on winning
B) Humility
C) Resilience
D) Compassion
E) Positive deviance

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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Which of the following statements about mindfulness is false?


A) Mindfulness pertains to our inner world of thinking and feeling
B) Mindfulness pertains to our outer worlds of other people and events
C) Mindfulness requires less effort than letting our minds wander
D) Mindfulness is about concentrating or focusing
E) Mindfulness represents how much we are aware and attentive to what is going on around us

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Prosocial behaviors are:


A) Mindful acts of kindness
B) Acts performed to build friendships
C) Part of PsyCap
D) Positive acts performed without expecting anything in return
E) An essential part of corporate social responsibility

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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John received a poor performance evaluation from his boss. On the weekend, he talks with his neighbor Faisal about his situation. Faisal asks him questions about his work and the evaluation, and as a result John develops a plan of action for improving his productivity. Faisal has provided:


A) Instrumental support
B) Informational support
C) Esteem support
D) Achievement support
E) Social companionship

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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Define the terms "mindfulness" and "mindlessness." What are the benefits of being mindful? Give an example from your own life of a time when you have experienced each of these.

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Mindfulness is defined as the awareness ...

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In the amplifying effect, positive practices escalate positive outcomes because of their association with positive emotions and social capital.

A) True
B) False

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Eileen signed up for a photography class after having seen some spectacular wildlife art pictures done by a local artist. She is likely to be experiencing:


A) Hope
B) Joy
C) Pride
D) Interest
E) Gratitude

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Barbara was watching the evening news and saw a story about people saving a horse that had fallen into an icy lake. She is likely to be experiencing:


A) Gratitude
B) Awe
C) Inspiration
D) Pride
E) Hope

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Mindfulness is awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is not a component of virtuous leadership?


A) Focus on the greater good
B) Forgiveness
C) Trust
D) Integrity
E) Engagement

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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The capacity to foster collective abandonment of justified resentment, bitterness, and blame is known as:


A) Trust
B) Integrity
C) Forgiveness
D) Virtuousness
E) Flourishing

F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

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Successful performance that dramatically exceeds the norm in a positive direction is known as:


A) Organizational citizenship behavior
B) Organizational commitment
C) Social deviance
D) Positive deviance
E) Positive amplification

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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The characteristic of PsyCap that consists of having confidence is:


A) Hope
B) Efficacy
C) Effectiveness
D) Health
E) Resilience

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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A shared belief in the importance of resolving conflict multilaterally through the inclusion of victims, offenders, and all other stakeholders is known as:


A) Restorative justice
B) Distributive justice
C) Procedural justice
D) Interactional justice
E) Interpersonal justice

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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