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Exam 3: Tax Planning Strategies and Related Limitations

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Question 21

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Assume that Keisha's marginal tax rate is 40% and her tax rate on dividends is 15%. If a city of Atlanta bond pays 7.65% interest, what dividend yield would a dividend-paying stock (with no growth potential) have to offer for Keisha to be indifferent between the two investments?

A) 15%
B) 10%
C) 9%
D) 7.65%
E) None of these

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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Question 22

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Assume that Will's marginal tax rate is 32% and his tax rate on dividends is 15%. If a dividend-paying stock (with no growth potential) pays a dividend yield of 8%, what interest rate must the corporate bond offer for Will to be indifferent between the two investments?

A) 12%
B) 11%
C) 10%
D) 8%
E) None of these

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Question 23

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Assume that John's marginal tax rate is 40%. If a city of Austin bond pays 6% interest, what interest rate would a corporate bond have to offer for John to be indifferent between the two bonds?

Assuming an after-tax rate of return of 10%, John should prefer to pay $85 today instead of $100 in one year.

Tax savings generated from deductions are considered cash inflows.

Virtually every transaction involves the taxpayer and two other parties that have an interest in the tax ramifications of the transaction.

Lucky owns a maid service that cleans several local businesses nightly. Lucky, a high-tax rate taxpayer, would like to shift some income to his son Rocco. Lucky tells all of his customers (who are always timely in their payments) to pay Rocco and then Rocco will report 50% of the income as a collection fee. Lucky will report the remaining 50%. Will this shift the income from Lucky to Rocco? Why or why not? What doctrines influence your answer? Any suggestions for Lucky?

The value of a tax deduction is higher for a taxpayer with a lower tax rate.

The timing strategy becomes more attractive as interest rates (i.e., rates of return) increase.

Compare and contrast the constructive receipt doctrine and the assignment of income doctrine. In what situations do these doctrines apply? What tax planning strategies does each doctrine limit?

Nontax factors do not play an important role in tax planning.

Troy is not a very astute investor. He has a knack for investing in losing stocks. In his latest investment move, he has realized a loss of about $40,000 (original basis of $50,000; current fair market value of $10,000) in High Tech, Inc. The good news is that unlike prior years, he actually has $45,000 of gains that he can use to offset the loss. Troy is considering either selling the High Tech, Inc. stock to his sister, Louise, or on the stock market. Which should he choose and why? Please explain why the IRS may treat the two transactions differently.

If Julius has a 20% tax rate and a 10% after-tax rate of return, $25,000 of income in three years will cost him how much tax in today's dollars (rounded) ?

Rob is currently considering investing in municipal bonds that earn 4% interest or taxable bonds issued by Dell Computer that pay 6.5%. If Rob's tax rate is 20%, which bond should he choose? Which bond should he choose if his tax rate is 30%? At what tax rate would he be indifferent to the municipal bond or to the corporate bond? What strategy is this decision based upon?

Which of the following increases the benefits of income deferral?

Which of the following is not required to determine the best timing strategy?

Rolando's employer pays year-end bonuses each year on December 31. Rolando, a cash basis taxpayer, would prefer to not pay tax on his bonus this year. So, he leaves town on December 31, 2014 and doesn't pick up his check until January 2nd, 2015. When should Rolando report his bonus?

Bono owns and operates a sole proprietorship and has a 30% marginal tax rate. He provides his son, Richie, $12,000 a year for college expenses. Richie, works as a street musician and has a marginal tax rate of 15%. What could Bono do to reduce his family tax burden? How much pre-tax income does it currently take Bono to generate the $12,000 after-taxes given to Richie? If Richie worked for his father's sole proprietorship, what salary would Bono have to pay him to generate $12,000 after taxes? (Ignore any Social Security, Medicare, or Self Employment Tax issues.) How much money would this strategy save?

If tax rates are increasing:

Investing in municipal bonds to avoid paying tax on interest earned and to earn a higher after-tax yield is an example of: