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Kyle and Amy want their baby to walk early,so they take the baby's favorite toy and place it where the child cannot reach it from a crawling position.Kyle and Amy believe that this will motivate the baby to stand upright to retrieve the toy and will,thus,result in him walking sooner.Their belief is most consistent with the _____ systems view of development.


A) maturational
B) evolutionary
C) static
D) dynamic

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Ingrid is getting ready to leave the hospital with her newborn and asks her doctor about SIDS.Her pediatrician suggests several things she can do to reduce the likelihood of SIDS in her infant.List five things that Ingrid can do to reduce the likelihood of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

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Risk factors for SIDS include: 1)Sleepin...

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Six-month-old Carson grabs for a toy using his whole hand.He is demonstrating a:


A) palmer grasp.
B) pincer grip.
C) Moro reflex.
D) fencing reflex.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following statements is true about SIDS?


A) It is the lowest cause of infant deaths in the United States.
B) Its level of risk is high at 36 to 48 months of age for infants.
C) It usually occurs when infants stop breathing,usually during night,and die suddenly without any apparent reason.
D) Its level of risk is high when the infants are sleeping on their backs,in a supine position.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Fantz' research method-studying whether infants can distinguish one stimulus from another by measuring the length of time they attend to different stimuli-is referred to as the:


A) habituation and dishabituation method.
B) orienting response and tracking method.
C) visual preference method.
D) high amplitude sucking method.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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_____ occurs when information interacts with sensory receptors-the eyes,ears,tongue,nostrils,and skin.


A) Sensation
B) Perception
C) Reception
D) Transition

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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While scooting on the floor,baby Giovanni fell down the stairs.If he can no longer see,it is likely that his _____ lobe was damaged.


A) frontal
B) parietal
C) occipital
D) temporal

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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The _____ is the area of the brain where higher-level thinking and self-regulation occur.


A) visual cortex
B) myelin sheath
C) prefrontal cortex
D) neural tube

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Jerome weighed 4.5 pounds when he was born.Compared to other newborns in North America,his weight is:


A) less than the average.
B) average.
C) severely abnormal.
D) higher than the average.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Pedro is 2 years of age.His parents take him to the doctor because he has swelling in his feet and abdomen,and has brittle hair.His doctor tells his parents that he has a condition known as _____,which is caused by severe protein deficiency.


A) yellow fever
B) beriberi
C) jaundice
D) kwashiorkor

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Baby Yoshi has a condition that is a risk factor for SIDS.Sometimes,she has a temporary cessation of breathing in which her airway is completely blocked-usually for 10 seconds or longer.This condition is known as _____.


A) parasomnia
B) arrhythmia
C) sleep apnea
D) catathrenia

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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_____ are built-in reactions to stimuli; they govern the newborn's movements,which are automatic and beyond the newborn's control.


A) Instincts
B) Reflexes
C) Impulses
D) Urges

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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The view of development that sees motor skills developing as a solution to an infant's problems is known as the _____ systems theory.


A) dynamic
B) maturational
C) static
D) environmental

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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To assess an infant's attention to sound,researchers often use a method called high-amplitude sucking.Describe how this method is used.

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In this method,infants are given a non-n...

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Donna's doctor recommends that she breast feed her newborn.Research conclusively indicates that breast-feeding has several positive outcomes for the mother,including a:


A) speedy return to pre-pregnancy weight.
B) reduced risk of osteoporosis.
C) reduction in the incidence of ovarian cancer.
D) reduced incidence of postpartum depression.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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At birth,the newborn's brain is about _____ percent of its adult weight.


A) 10
B) 25
C) 50
D) 75

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following methods is often used by researchers to assess an infant's attention to sound?


A) Orienting response and tracking
B) High-amplitude sucking
C) Habituation and dishabituation
D) Auditory preference

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Your ability to see faces and patterns with the right hemisphere of the brain and understand language with the left hemisphere is due to _____.

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Since 1992,The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has recommended that _____ to reduce the risk of SIDS.


A) parents practice shared sleeping with their infants
B) infants be placed to sleep on their backs
C) babies be fed on demand instead of on schedule
D) all fans in the room be turned off while putting a baby down to sleep

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Infant Positioning and SIDS (AAPTFIPS) (2000) recommends against:


A) children sleep on their backs.
B) breast feeding.
C) shared sleeping.
D) children sleep in a crib.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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