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Essay
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A) consistent
B) undifferentiated
C) valuable
D) intentional
E) relevant
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A) the actual length of time a product stays in any stage of the life cycle.
B) the individual criteria selected to place a firm in a stage of the life cycle.
C) the importance of the marketing mix elements.
D) the importance of environmental forces.
E) the importance of new product innovation.
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Multiple Choice
A) Although labels are can carry useful information, the less information communicated, the better.
B) The brand logo or brand name should always be the largest image on a label.
C) Labels can be very expensive, but they are important because they often are the first contact the consumer has with the product.
D) The best labels to use on food products are those that can be easily removed to promote recycling of the package.
E) One penny for every dollar consumers spend on products goes toward packaging and labeling costs.
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Multiple Choice
A) Somewhat paradoxically, in the decline stage sales decline even though profits increase.
B) A product always enters the decline stage as the result of a major product flaw or marketing misstep.
C) A major reason that a firm's product enters the decline stage is as a result of changes in the marketing environment.
D) The only real step that can be taken to avoid the decline stage and ultimately extinction is to increase marketing expenditures as soon as the product enters its maturity stage.
E) Service industries are exempt from the decline stage because of their intangible nature.
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Multiple Choice
A) innovators.
B) early adopters.
C) the early majority.
D) the late majority.
E) laggards.
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A) trimming.
B) elimination.
C) paring down.
D) deletion.
E) harvesting.
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A) copyright.
B) trade name.
C) patent.
D) brand name.
E) label.
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A) perceptual benefits
B) communication benefits
C) functional benefits
D) technology
E) renewable resources
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A) stimulate laggard usage of the product.
B) inhibit the innovation diffusion process.
C) encourage product trial and adoption.
D) erect product adoption barriers against its competitors.
E) circumvent the typical adoption cycle.
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A) minimize promotion
B) increase market share
C) stress differentiation
D) gain awareness
E) maintain brand loyalty
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A) Psychological
B) Social
C) Physical
D) Risk
E) Usage
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A) price
B) productivity
C) process
D) quality
E) physical environment
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Multiple Choice
A) accelerated downturn
B) cancellation
C) decline
D) maturity
E) devaluation
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Multiple Choice
A) finding new users
B) creating new use situations
C) increasing a product's use by existing customers
D) modifying the product
E) reacting to competitors' positions
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Multiple Choice
A) a point-of-purchase display.
B) merchandising.
C) packaging.
D) a label.
E) a product bundle.
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Multiple Choice
A) skimming pricing and penetration pricing.
B) price lining and product line pricing.
C) markdown pricing and quantity discount pricing.
D) skimming pricing and bundle pricing.
E) penetration pricing and experience curve pricing.
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