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All of the following are challenges faced by Amazon in its expansion into India except which?


A) Low rates of credit and debit card usage among Indian consumers, and many without bank accounts
B) Well-financed and capable domestic competitors in India
C) Political instability and social unrest in India
D) Underdeveloped technology requiring financial and technological investment in a localized cloud computing platform for India
E) Strict trade regulations that prevent direct sales to Indian consumers

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Direct investment in international marketing refers to


A) offering the right to a trademark, patent, trade secret, or similarly valued items of intellectual property in return for a royalty or fee.
B) contracting with a foreign firm to manufacture products according to certain specifications.
C) a national market entry strategy that entails a foreign company and a local firm investing together to create a local business.
D) having a company handle its own exports directly, without intermediaries.
E) a global market entry strategy that entails a domestic firm actually investing in and owning a foreign subsidiary or division.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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A disadvantage of a joint venture arrangement when entering a new global market is that


A) intermediaries have the potential to harm the brand.
B) the firm entering the foreign market must pay royalties to the other firm.
C) one of the companies forgoes control over its product.
D) the two companies may disagree about policies.
E) this method is likely to provide the fewest subsidies from the host country's government.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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To eliminate the need to continually monitor currency exchange rates,16 of the countries in the European Union (EU) have adopted a common currency,which is called the


A) pound.
B) franc.
C) euro.
D) mark.
E) dollar.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Recipco and Tradaq are both companies that connect international companies who want to barter the products they make for the products they need without using cash or credit.Recipco and Tradaq assist international companies in making


A) countertrades.
B) quota exchanges.
C) trading exchanges.
D) balances of trade.
E) WTO trade arrangements.

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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U.S.-based Fran Wilson Creative Cosmetics attributes its success in Japan to a top-quality product,effective advertising,and a novel __________ strategy,in which it uses Japanese distributors to reach beauty salons rather than department stores.


A) joint venture
B) licensing
C) franchising
D) indirect export
E) direct investment

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The clandestine collection of trade secrets or proprietary information about a company's competitors is referred to as


A) trade piracy.
B) transnational fraud.
C) economic espionage.
D) competitive duplicity.
E) transnational intelligence.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The World Trade Organization (WTO) refers to


A) the world's largest banking institution responsible for establishing and maintaining equitable exchange rates for all member nations.
B) the world's largest licensing institution responsible for the certification of products distributed to a global market.
C) an institution that sets rules governing trade between its members through panels of trade experts who decide on trade disputes between members and issue binding decisions.
D) a multinational trade organization composed of the world's wealthiest nations whose primary purpose is to aid in the economic growth of developing nations.
E) a multinational trade organization comprised of the world's wealthiest nations whose primary purpose is to promote free trade economies.

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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In indirect exporting,a firm sells its domestically produced products in a foreign country


A) in violation of a quota.
B) without paying import tariffs.
C) without paying export duties.
D) through a joint venture.
E) through an intermediary.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following examples best demonstrates a company's appreciation of another country's values?


A) American companies in Germany encourage the use of all types of credit cards.
B) In Brazil, American companies are extremely careful to keep to a strict agenda and time schedule, even though an informal structure is preferred.
C) Bath products are advertised by portraying intimate scenes between husbands and wives in countries where personal privacy is important.
D) McDonald's restaurants in India sell the Maharaja Mac rather than beef products.
E) Vogue Italia published a feature with a model wearing "slave earrings," which it said were "worn by women of color during the slave trade."

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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The complementary nature of economic flows internationally,whereby imports stimulate exports and vice versa,is called ________ and is one argument for free trade among nations.


A) the balance of trade
B) countertrade
C) exchange trade
D) the trade feedback effect
E) global market trading

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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Starbucks and Tata Global Beverage have together formed Tata Starbucks Private Limited in order to bring Starbucks to India.The global market entry strategy is known as


A) franchising.
B) a joint venture.
C) licensing.
D) direct investment.
E) exporting.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Indirect exporting refers to


A) offering the right to a trademark, patent, trade secret, or similarly valued item of intellectual property in return for a royalty or fee.
B) selling a firm's domestically produced products in a foreign country without interference by that government.
C) contracting with a foreign firm to manufacture products according to stated specifications.
D) avoiding the use of additional parties when a firm sells its domestically produced products in another country.
E) selling a firm's domestically produced products in a foreign country through an intermediary.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Explain the difference between dumping and parallel importing.

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Dumping refers to a firm selling a produ...

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The estimated cost of economic espionage to firms in the United States is estimated to be


A) $10 billion per year.
B) $250 billion per year.
C) $750 billion per year.
D) $900 billion per year.
E) exceeding $1 trillion per year.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The Parthenon evokes strong feelings from consumers in Greece and is referred to as the "holy rock." Coca-Cola marketers did not expect that this __________,when used in a marketing campaign that replaced the columns with Coke bottles,would arouse such an angry response in that country.


A) cultural symbol
B) anthropomorphic code
C) back translation
D) semantic representation
E) civil analysis

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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A New York car wash owner wanted to open a car wash in Quebec,Canada.He hired a U.S.translator to create signage for the new venture and to design some simple advertising.It was not until the business was opened that he realized he should have used __________.His French signs actually said "car bath" instead of "car wash."


A) Esperanto
B) back translation
C) semiotics
D) semantic symbolism
E) linguistic exchange

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Which form of entry into a foreign market requires the greatest commitment?


A) direct exporting
B) direct investment
C) joint venture
D) licensing
E) indirect exporting

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

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Kit Kat bars are marketed by Nestlé worldwide.Kit Kat is pronounced "kitto katsu" in Japanese,which roughly translates to "surely win." Japanese teens eat Kit Kat bars for good luck,particularly when taking crucial school exams.This positive result might have been missed had the company used __________ and felt it necessary to use a name without an additional meaning.


A) intentional transliteration
B) semantic symbolism
C) back translation
D) semantic analysis
E) linguistic exchange

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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A global brand is a brand marketed under the same name in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs.However,adaptations of global brands are made


A) only if required by government regulations in the host market.
B) only in its initial introduction into a market and only until the brand is recognized.
C) by domestic competitors causing brand confusion.
D) only when necessary to better connect the brand to consumers in different markets.
E) when there is a serious drop in market share.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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