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In Latvia,only one six-lane highway exists,connecting Riga,its capital,with Moscow.Otherwise,the roads are two lanes and many are made of cobblestones or bricks.This limits the speed with which deliveries can be made and requires that delivery trucks be quite small.The road network in Latvia is an example of problems with a country's


A) capital improvements.
B) fixed-asset base.
C) geopolitical wealth.
D) asset wealth.
E) economic infrastructure.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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A Tokyo shopkeeper would have been wise to use __________ to verify the accuracy of the new sign in English he purchased for his dry cleaning business.The sign read,"Drop your pants here for best results," which he did not know had another suggestive meaning to native speakers.


A) cultural symbolism
B) dialect transformation
C) semantic analysis
D) linguistic exchange
E) back translation

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Based on a study of 6,500 teens in 26 countries,when asked what country had the most influence on their attitudes and purchase behavior,54 percent of teens from the United States,87 percent of those from Latin America,80 percent of the Europeans,and 80 percent of those from Asia named


A) the United States.
B) Japan.
C) the United Kingdom.
D) France.
E) China.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Which of the following statements about global brands is most accurate?


A) A global brand has centrally coordinated marketing programs.
B) A global brand is marketed under different names but uses identical ads for all markets.
C) A global brand alters the product formulation or service for each geographical region.
D) A global brand delivers multiple benefits based on the GDP of each country.
E) A global brand is a collaborative effort among several different national firms.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Black & Decker launched the Snake Light flexible flashlight.Created to address a global need for portable lighting,the product became a best seller in North America,Europe,Latin America,and Australia.This is an example of which type of global marketing product and promotion strategy?


A) product extension
B) product customization
C) product adaptation
D) product invention
E) product integration

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

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Exporting refers to a global market entry strategy


A) in which a company will sell its products in international markets but not in its own domestic market.
B) in which a company produces goods in one country and sells them in another country.
C) in which a company will manufacture its product in several countries at the same time using different brand names and slight product modifications.
D) in which a company will manufacture products specifically designed for nondomestic markets, but will sell those products to distributors that take title and resell the products to different companies around the world.
E) whereby a product is made in one country, assembled in a second country, and ultimately marketed to a third country.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Lever Europe,a division of Unilever,markets its Snuggle fabric softener in the United States.But in 10 European countries,it uses seven brand names,including Kuschelweich in German,Coccolino in Italy,and Mimosin in France.These products also have different packages,different advertising programs,and occasionally different formulas.From this information,we can assume that Lever Europe uses __________ marketing strategy.


A) an ethnocentric
B) a transnational
C) a global
D) an international
E) a multidomestic

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following statements about the relationship between the imports into the United States and the exports from the United States during the last 30 years is most accurate?


A) Exports from the United States have declined, while import levels have remained about constant.
B) The volume of both imports and exports has consistently decreased.
C) Imports into the United States and exports have been about equal, indicating balanced trade.
D) Exports have exceeded imports, indicating a continuing balance of trade surplus.
E) Imports have exceeded exports, indicating a continuing balance of trade deficit.

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Coca-Cola has operations in all but two nations in the world and Pepsi-Cola is now available in about 200 countries and territories,making the soft drink industry an example of


A) global competition.
B) acculturation.
C) free trade.
D) global branding.
E) transactional exchange.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Explain the concept of countertrade,and discuss its importance.

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Not all trade involves the exchange of m...

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What global market entry strategy involves slightly more risk than indirect exporting for a company but also opens the door to increased profits?


A) direct exporting
B) licensing
C) cooperative
D) joint venture
E) direct investment

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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When firms originate,produce,and market their products and services worldwide,it is referred to as


A) acculturation.
B) free trade.
C) global branding.
D) global competition.
E) transactional exchange.

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Government taxes on products or services entering a country that primarily serve to raise prices on imports are referred to as


A) tariffs.
B) quotas.
C) WTO taxes.
D) foreign excise taxes.
E) trade subsidies.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Cultural symbols refer to


A) ideas that can be protected by international copyrights.
B) ideas that cannot be expressed by words or characters.
C) things that represent values that exist solely within a nation.
D) things that represent ideas and concepts.
E) words that represent pictures or designs.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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A country's income distribution is important because it gives a more reliable picture of a country's ________ than just per capita income alone.


A) consumer tastes
B) taxable income
C) purchasing power
D) discretionary income
E) cost of living

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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Consider the distribution channels through which a product manufactured in one country must travel to reach its destination in another country.Channels of distribution in global marketing are often long and complex.The availability and quality of retailers and wholesalers as well as transportation,communication,and warehousing facilities are often determined by


A) the seller and the exporter.
B) a country's stage of economic development.
C) the seller's international marketing headquarters and the channels between nations.
D) channels between nations and the channels within the foreign nation.
E) channels within the foreign nation and the foreign retailer.

F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

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The PRS Group maintains a website that can be used to determine


A) changing demographic and psychographic data for each country in the registry.
B) a country's political risk ratings that are useful in comparing global marketing locations.
C) the tariffs of each country and their relative effect on product and services sales.
D) the rankings of American products relative to domestic equivalents in each country.
E) changing social trends within different segments of the economy.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following is an important indicator of a nation's increasing purchasing power?


A) a growing proportion of middle-income households
B) declining per capita income
C) stable household incomes
D) stable incomes for the wealthiest consumers
E) a large gap developing or persisting between top incomes and lowest incomes

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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"A signal that the world's trading nations are committed to open markets-and will resist protectionism-would inject confidence and energy into our markets," says the Office of the U.S.Trade Representative.Discuss this statement.

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This statement indicates that the U.S.Tr...

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Generally speaking,__________ firm markets its existing products and services in other countries the same way it does in its home country.


A) a meganational
B) an international
C) a multinational
D) a transnational
E) an intranational

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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